阿片类药物诱导的神经毒性（OINT）是观察到的与阿片治疗相关的神经精神综合征。OINT的机制被认为是多因素的，许多风险因素可能促进其发展。如果出现OINT的症状，处方医师应考虑给予充分的水合，中止引发OINT的阿片类药物，或更换阿片类药物，或使用一些辅助药物。多种因素，如个体间和个体内阿片类药物药理学差异，可能会影响阿片类药物转换剂量计算的准确性。在专科临终关怀环境中，应依靠经验和临床判断，并考虑个体患者特征，以此来应用任何转换表。© 2023. 该作者授权独家授权给斯普林格科学+商业媒体有限公司，斯普林格自然出版集团的一部分。

Opioid-induced neurotoxicity (OINT) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome observed with opioid therapy. The mechanism of OINT is thought to be multifactorial, and many risk factors may facilitate its development. If symptoms of OINT are seen, the prescriber should consider hydration, discontinuation of the offending opioid drug, or switching of opioid medication, or the use of some adjuvants. Multiple factors like inter- and intraindividual differences in opioid pharmacology may influence the accuracy of dose calculations for opioid switching. Experience and clinical judgment in a specialistic palliative care setting should be used and individual patient characteristics considered when applying any conversion table.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.