妇科和乳腺瘤是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。尽管诊断和治疗方法近年来有了进展，但在这些患者中观察到高比例的肿瘤复发，原因是治疗失败。晚期肿瘤阶段的延迟诊断是治疗失败和肿瘤复发的主要原因之一。因此，有必要评估参与这些肿瘤进展的分子机制，以引入有效的早期诊断标志物。福克斯盒（FOX）是一类转录因子家族，在调节多种细胞机制中起关键作用。已经观察到FOX蛋白在不同癌症中的失调。作为一类非编码RNA，微小RNA（miRNA）在细胞机制中的转录后调控中起重要作用。由于在体液中稳定性较高，它们也是非侵入性诊断标志物。考虑到FOX蛋白在乳腺和妇科肿瘤进展中的重要性，我们调查了miRNA在这些肿瘤中调控FOX蛋白的作用。miRNA主要通过FOXM、FOXP和FOXO在这些肿瘤的进展中发挥作用。本综述为基于miRNA / FOX轴的乳腺和妇科癌症的非侵入性诊断面板标志物提供了方向。© 2023。BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

Gynecological and breast tumors are one of the main causes of cancer-related mortalities among women. Despite recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, tumor relapse is observed in a high percentage of these patients due to the treatment failure. Late diagnosis in advanced tumor stages is one of the main reasons for the treatment failure and recurrence in these tumors. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the molecular mechanisms involved in progression of these tumors to introduce the efficient early diagnostic markers. Fokhead Box (FOX) is a family of transcription factors with a key role in regulation of a wide variety of cellular mechanisms. Deregulation of FOX proteins has been observed in different cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of non-coding RNAs have important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of the genes involved in cellular mechanisms. They are also the non-invasive diagnostic markers due to their high stability in body fluids. Considering the importance of FOX proteins in the progression of breast and gynecological tumors, we investigated the role of miRNAs in regulation of the FOX proteins in these tumors. MicroRNAs were mainly involved in progression of these tumors through FOXM, FOXP, and FOXO. The present review paves the way to suggest a non-invasive diagnostic panel marker based on the miRNAs/FOX axis in breast and gynecological cancers.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.