粒子分离在许多生物化学分析中起着关键作用。本文报道了一种逆流增强的惯性束流分离（RF-iPFF）方法用于粒子分离。RF-iPFF根据流体诱导的惯性力来基于粒子的大小进行分离，并在急剧扩展的段落中利用逆流进一步增强不同大小粒子之间的分离距离。逆流可以显著提高分离性能。通常情况下，与无逆流情况相比，RF-iPFF技术能够使粒子通量提高约10倍。为了展示RF-iPFF的优势，我们通过对照实验将RF-iPFF与传统的iPFF进行比较。无论在我们研究的各种条件下，RF-iPFF始终优于iPFF。另外，我们使用植入到人体全血中的肿瘤细胞来评估RF-iPFF的分离性能。

Particle separation plays a critical role in many biochemical analyses. In this article, we report a method of reverse flow enhanced inertia pinched flow fractionation (RF-iPFF) for particle separation. RF-iPFF separates particles by size based on the flow-induced inertial lift, and in the abruptly broadened segment, reverse flow is utilized to further enhance the separation distance between particles of different sizes. The separation performance can be significantly improved by reverse flow. Generally, compared with the case without reverse flow, this RF-iPFF technique can increase the particle throughput by about 10 times. To demonstrate the advantages of RF-iPFF, RF-iPFF was compared with traditional iPFF through a control experiment. RF-iPFF consistently outperformed iPFF across various conditions we studied. In addition, we use tumor cells spiked into the human whole blood to evaluate the separation performance of RF-iPFF.