Oscillatoria 藻类（Oscillatoria sp.）是一种蓝绿色藻类或蓝细菌，全球分布约305个物种。蓝细菌是原核生物，具有几种具有工业和生物医学应用的次生代谢产物。尤其值得注意的是，关于 Oscillatoria 藻类的已发表的综述没有记录任何药理学活性或可能细节，但藻类的详细化学结构在文献中有报道。因此，本研究考虑了 Oscillatoria 藻类的众多生物活性成分的相关药理学活性。此外，利用 Oscillatoria 藻类制备的金属纳米颗粒被记录为对多种培养的人类细胞株具有可能的抗菌、抗真菌、抗氧化、抗癌和细胞毒性效果。溶剂提取的 Oscillatoria 藻类和其衍生物吡啶、乙啶、脂肪酸和三嗪的抗菌活性均有详细的结构描述。为了理解研究差距的涵义，并提供一些建议，以进一步研究蓝细菌作为制药工业重要资源的前景，已进行了相应的努力。Oscillatoria sp. 的化合物是一种抑制恶性肿瘤细胞株的有效次生代谢物的重要来源，这可以通过整体开发获得。可以预期，通过对化学多样性更丰富、抑制剂相对更强效的天然 Oscillatoria 产物的全面开发，可能会在药理学活性与结构活性关系（SARs）的探索中发挥重要作用。© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

The Oscillatoria sp., a blue-green alga or cyanobacterium, consists of about 305 species distributed globally. Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes possessing several secondary metabolites that have industrial and biomedical applications. Particularly, the published reviews on Oscillatoria sp. have not recorded any pharmacology, or possible details, while the detailed chemical structures of the alga are reported in the literature. Hence, this study considers pertinent pharmacological activities of the plethora of bioactive components of Oscillatoria sp. Furthermore, the metallic nanoparticles produced with Oscillatoria sp. were documented for plausible antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, and cytotoxic effects against several cultured human cell lines. The antimicrobial activities of solvent extracts of Oscillatoria sp. and the biotic activities of its derivatives, pyridine, acridine, fatty acids, and triazine were structurally described in detail. To understand the connotations with research gaps and provide some pertinent prospective suggestions for further research on cyanobacteria as potent sources of pharmaceutical utilities, attempts were documented. The compounds of Oscillatoria sp. are a potent source of secondary metabolites that inhibit the cancer cell lines, in vitro. It could be expected that by holistic exploitation, the natural Oscillatoria products, as the source of chemical varieties and comparatively more potent inhibitors, would be explored against pharmacological activities with the integument of SARs.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.