本研究旨在通过结肠镜联合ME-NBI（放大内窥镜联合窄带成像）分析结肠息肉癌变的特征以及与RhoC（Ras同源基因家族C成员）蛋白表达的相关性。为此，我们选取了在医院消化内镜室接受结肠镜检查的300例结直肠息肉和恶性病变患者（192例结直肠息肉和200例恶性病变），并根据诊断结果将其分为息肉组和恶性病变组，各组150例。在息肉组中，非腺瘤性息肉患者75例，腺瘤性息肉患者75例；在恶性病变组中，高级别肿瘤和恶性变化患者75例。通过结肠镜观察病变的微血管结构和表面结构，并分析微血管形态特征与RhoC蛋白表达的相关性。结果显示，与恶性转变组相比，息肉组中RhoC蛋白表达的阳性率显著较低，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在恶性转变组中，结肠息肉癌150例表浅层侵袭的粘膜和黏膜下层表达RhoC的阳性率低于黏膜下层深度侵袭，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。NICE（国家临床卓越研究所）分类2型被诊断为结肠黏膜下浅层侵袭，其诊断结肠黏膜下浅层侵袭的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为73.1%、84.6%和83.2%；诊断结肠黏膜下浅层侵袭的NICE分类3型的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为74.6%、96.8%和92.7%。NICE分类中的2型和3型病变与RhoC蛋白表达呈相关性（P<0.05）。综上所述，结肠镜联合放大内窥镜下的NICE分类对结直肠病变具有良好的鉴别诊断价值，RhoC蛋白高表达在结肠癌中有密切关联，并与病变侵袭深度相关。结直肠腺瘤的发展过程中，病变中RhoC蛋白的表达逐渐增加。

The current study was carried out to analyze the characteristics of colon polyps canceration observed by colonoscopy combined with ME-NBI (Magnifying Endoscopy combined with Narrow-Band Imaging) and its correlation with RhoC (Ras homolog gene family, member C) protein expression. For this purpose, A total of 300 patients with colorectal polyps and cancerous lesions (192 colorectal polyps and 200 cancerous lesions) who were treated in the digestive endoscopy room of the hospital and underwent colonoscopy were selected, and they were divided into polyp group and malignant lesion according to the diagnosis results. groups, 150 cases in each group. There were 75 patients with non-adenomatous polyps and 75 patients with adenomatous polyps in the polyp group; 75 patients with high-grade neoplasia and cancerous changes in the malignant group. The microvascular structure and surface structure of the lesions were observed by colonoscopy, and the correlation between microvascular morphological characteristics and RhoC protein expression was analyzed. Results showed that the probability of positive RhoC protein expression in the polyp group was significantly lower than that in the malignant transformation group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the malignant transformation group, the positive rate of RhoC expression in mucosal and submucosal superficial infiltration of 150 patients with colon polyp carcinoma was lower than that in submucosal deep infiltration, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). NICE (National Institute for Clinical Excellence) type 2 was diagnosed as colorectal superficial submucosal The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of colorectal submucosal invasion were 73.1%, 84.6%, and 83.2%, respectively; the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of NICE type 3 in diagnosing colorectal submucosal invasion were 74.6%, 96.8%, and 92.7%, respectively. . Type 2 and type 3 lesions with cancerous features in NICE classification were correlated with the expression of RhoC protein (P<0.05). In conclusion, NICE classification under colonoscopy combined with magnifying colonoscopy has a good effect on colorectal lesions. Differential diagnostic value, RhoC protein is highly expressed in colon cancer and is closely related to the occurrence of colon cancer and the depth of lesion invasion. With the progression of colorectal adenomas, the expression of RhoC protein in the lesions gradually increased.