最近的证据表明，白细胞介素37 (IL-37) 在急性髓性白血病 (AML) 患者中表达降低，但其与免疫表型标记物的关联尚未探讨。在本研究中，采用2-ΔΔCt 方法（折叠变化） 根据定量实时聚合酶链反应的原理，分析了131例 AML 患者和100例对照者外周血中的 IL37 mRNA 表达。将 AML 患者按性别、治疗方案、fms-like酪氨酸激酶3/internal串联重复 (FLT3/ITD) 和核仁蛋白1 (NPM1) 突变、法国-美国-英国分类（FAB）、世界卫生组织（WHO）分类和25 个细胞质和表面标记物的免疫表型进行特征描述。以中位数和四分位数范围给出 IL37 mRNA 表达。AML 患者表现出 IL37 mRNA 的低表达（0.273 [0.062-0.456]）。这种降低的表达在女性中比男性更明显，但在 Bonferroni 校正之前差异显著（0.196 [0.045-0.411] vs. 0.4 [0.153-0.466]；概率 [p] = 0.008；校正 p = 0.064）。此外，在其他类型中，FAB M4 型（0.109 [0.031-0.269]）和 WHO PML-RARA 型（0.171 [0.061-0.482]）的 IL37 mRNA 表达最低。对于免疫表型，只发现两个显著差异。首先，CD14 阳性患者的表达水平低于 CD14 阴性患者（0.146 [0.033-0.413] vs. 0.323 [0.108-0.468]；p = 0.02）。其次，HLA-DR 阳性患者的表达水平高于 HLA-DR 阴性患者（0.325 [0.163-0.474] vs. 0.214 [0.045-0.42]；p = 0.04）。然而，在这两种情况下，校正 p 值都不显著（p > 0.05）。总之，AML 患者的 IL37 mRNA 表达下调，尤其是女性、FAB M4 型和 WHO PML-RARA 型的患者。这种表达可能受到 CD14 和 HLA-DR 的免疫表型标记物的影响。Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Recent evidence has indicated that interleukin 37 (IL-37) shows down-regulated expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its association with immunophenotypic markers has not been explored. In the current study, IL37 mRNA expression was analyzed in the peripheral blood of 131 AML patients and 100 controls using the 2-ΔΔCt method (fold change), which was based on the principles of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. AML patients were characterized in terms of gender, therapy, fms-like tyrosine kinase 3/internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) and nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutations, French-American-British classification (FAB), World Health Organization (WHO) classification, and immunophenotypes of 25 cytoplasmic and surface markers. IL37 mRNA expression was given as median and interquartile range. Low expression of IL37 mRNA (0.273 [0.062-0.456]) was found in AML patients. This reduced expression was more pronounced in females than in males but the difference was significant before the Bonferroni correction (0.196 [0.045-0.411] vs. 0.4 [0.153-0.466]; probability [p] = 0.008; corrected p = 0.064). In addition, the FAB M4 type (0.109 [0.031-0.269]) and the WHO PML-RARA type (0.171 [0.061-0.482]) had the lowest expression of IL37 mRNA among the other types. For immunophenotypes, only two significant differences were found. First, CD14-positive patients showed a lower level of expression than CD14-negative patients (0.146 [0.033-0.413] vs. 0.323 [0.108-0.468]; p = 0.02). Second, HLA-DR-positive patients showed a higher level of expression than HLA-DR-negative patients (0.325 [0.163-0.474] vs. 0.214 [0.045-0.42]; p = 0.04). However, the corrected p-value was not significant in both cases (p > 0.05). In conclusion, IL37 mRNA expression was down-regulated in AML patients, especially females, and those with the FAB M4 type and the WHO PML-RARA type. This expression may be affected by the immunophenotypic markers CD14 and HLA-DR.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.