抗原递呈细胞(APCs)调控免疫反应，因此对于靶向传递治疗疫苗具有兴趣。树突状细胞(DCs)是专业的APCs，在向CD4+辅助T细胞和细胞毒性CD8+ T细胞呈现外源性抗原方面表现出色。DCs具有高度的异质性，并可分为不同的亚群，其丰度、功能和表型均不同，如内吞受体分子的差异表达。已经确立了将抗原靶向于DC受体可增强治疗疫苗的疗效。虽然大多数研究强调靶向特定的DC亚群的重要性，但我们认为还应考虑靶向受体后DC亚群内的差异性细胞内引路。在这里，我们回顾了作为治疗疫苗靶点的小鼠和人类受体的研究，重点关注抗体和配体结合物及其靶向对抗原呈现的影响。我们的目标是界定不同受体的靶向如何影响抗原呈现和疫苗疗效，以指导未来治疗疫苗的靶点选择。

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) orchestrate immune responses and are therefore of interest for the targeted delivery of therapeutic vaccines. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional APCs that excel in presentation of exogenous antigens toward CD4+ T helper cells, as well as cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. DCs are highly heterogeneous and can be divided into subpopulations that differ in abundance, function, and phenotype, such as differential expression of endocytic receptor molecules. It is firmly established that targeting antigens to DC receptors enhances the efficacy of therapeutic vaccines. While most studies emphasize the importance of targeting a specific DC subset, we argue that the differential intracellular routing downstream of the targeted receptors within the DC subset should also be considered. Here, we review the mouse and human receptors studied as target for therapeutic vaccines, focusing on antibody and ligand conjugates and how their targeting affects antigen presentation. We aim to delineate how targeting distinct receptors affects antigen presentation and vaccine efficacy, which will guide target selection for future therapeutic vaccine development.