预后风险预测模型可以估计发展头颈癌（HNC）的概率，为疾病管理提供有价值的信息。尽管世界各地已开发了不同的预后HNC风险预测模型，但对它们的方法进行全面评估仍缺乏。我们进行了一项综述研究，并进行了重要评估，旨在确定HNC风险预测模型的方法优势和局限性。我们在Medline、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science和CAB Abstracts数据库中进行了搜索，并包括了关于开发或验证预后HNC风险预测模型的可获取全文的同行评审发表论文。使用PROBAST工具评估研究质量。共包括了9篇论文。尽管所有论文在分析领域普遍存在高风险偏倚，但只有两项研究在临床适用性方面存在高度关切。目前已发表的研究对于方法提供的信息不足，难以判断模型的质量和适用性。未来的研究应遵循预测建模研究的报告指南。版权所有©2023 Dennis Barber Ltd.

Prognostic risk prediction models estimate the probability of developing head and neck cancer (HNC), providing valuable information for managing the disease. While different prognostic HNC risk prediction models have been developed worldwide, a comprehensive evaluation of their methods is lacking. We conducted a scoping review with a critical assessment aiming to identify the methodological strengths and limitations of HNC risk prediction models.We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and CAB Abstracts databases and included full-text-available peer-reviewed published papers on developing or validating a prognostic HNC risk prediction model. Study quality was appraised using the PROBAST tool.Nine papers were included. Although all had a high risk of bias, mainly in the analysis domain, only two studies had high concerns about clinical applicability.Currently published studies provide insufficient information on methods, making it difficult to judge the models' quality and applicability. Future investigations should follow the guidelines in reporting the prediction modelling studies.Copyright© 2023 Dennis Barber Ltd.