肿瘤栓塞是指肿瘤向附近血管内延伸，常见于肾细胞癌和肝细胞癌患者，并且常涉及腹部血管，包括肾静脉、门静脉和下腔静脉。相比于血小板和纤维蛋白组成的平凡栓塞,肿瘤栓塞指的是一种有序的肿瘤细胞聚集体。尽管常常通过影像学意外发现，但肿瘤栓塞可能具有重要的临床意义，且很难与平凡栓塞区分开来。而且，关于肿瘤栓塞的最佳处理方式，包括抗凝治疗，目前描述不足。本综述总结了肿瘤栓塞的常见原因，以及其对分期、预后和治疗的影响。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

Tumor thrombus, the intravascular extension of tumor into adjacent blood vessels, is frequently encountered in patients with renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, and often involves the abdominal vasculature including the renal vein, portal vein, and the inferior vena cava. While a bland thrombus is composed of platelets and fibrin, in contrast, a tumor thrombus refers to an organized collection of tumor cells. Though oftentimes detected incidentally on imaging, tumor thrombus may have significant clinical implications and can be challenging to differentiate from bland thrombus. Additionally, the optimal management of tumor thrombus, including the use of anticoagulation, remains poorly described. This review summarizes common causes of tumor thrombus, as well as its impact on staging, prognosis, and treatment.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.