作为生物医学领域的科学家，您熟悉英语和简体中文。将以下段落准确地翻译成简化的中文，符合学术论文的语言模式，并保持原陈述的结构： 肿瘤相关成纤维细胞（CAFs），富集于肿瘤基质中，在肿瘤发生、发展、转移和治疗抵抗等方面的多方面影响引起了广泛关注。CAFs通过不同机制促进抑制性的微环境，但也具有一些抗肿瘤效应。因此，CAFs被认为是恶性肿瘤中有着显著作用的有希望的治疗靶点。然而，许多临床试验中发现患有恶性肿瘤的患者并未从目前的针对CAFs的药物中受益，这表明需要对CAFs进行进一步深入的研究。在这里，我们通过探索CAFs的起源和激活，强调CAFs在肿瘤微环境中对肿瘤进化的调节，以及CAFs在肿瘤免疫中发挥的关键作用，总结和概述CAFs的异质性和可塑性。此外，我们总结了当前针对CAFs的免疫治疗，并在最后简要概述了对CAFs研究的一些未来展望。视频摘要。© 2023年 Springer Nature 旗下的 BioMed Central Ltd.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), enriched in the tumor stroma, have received increasing attention because of their multifaceted effects on tumorigenesis, development, metastasis, and treatment resistance in malignancies. CAFs contributed to suppressive microenvironment via different mechanisms, while CAFs also exerted some antitumor effects. Therefore, CAFs have been considered promising therapeutic targets for their remarkable roles in malignant tumors. However, patients with malignancies failed to benefit from current CAFs-targeted drugs in many clinical trials, which suggests that further in-depth investigation into CAFs is necessary. Here, we summarize and outline the heterogeneity and plasticity of CAFs mainly by exploring their origin and activation, highlighting the regulation of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment during tumor evolution, as well as the critical roles performed by CAFs in tumor immunity. In addition, we summarize the current immunotherapies targeting CAFs, and conclude with a brief overview of some prospects for the future of CAFs research in the end. Video Abstract.© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.