恶性肿瘤具有不同程度的缺氧细胞。缺氧程度越严重，肿瘤的预后越困难，复发率越高。因此，肿瘤缺氧成像至关重要。磁共振成像（MRI）在高分辨率、穿透深度和无创性方面显示出其优势。然而，它需要更优秀的造影剂来对抗复杂的肿瘤微环境（TME）和提高对肿瘤的靶向作用，以增强临床安全性。许多研究集中在开发缺氧响应型MRI佳剂上，利用缺氧肿瘤的独特特性。缺氧肿瘤中的低氧压、酸性TME和上调的氧化还原分子水平可作为生物刺激因素，用于准确成像缺氧区域的纳米制剂。本综述强调了开发生物参数导向的纳米制剂作为MRI造影剂来实现准确肿瘤诊断的重要性。以pH响应性、氧化还原响应性和p（O2）响应性为重点，阐述了纳米制剂在肿瘤缺氧成像中的设计策略和机制。讨论了生物参数响应型纳米制剂在准确肿瘤诊断和个体化癌症治疗方面的有希望的未来。

A malignant tumour has hypoxic cells of varying degrees. The more severe the hypoxic degree, the more difficult the prognosis of the tumour and the higher the recurrence rate. Therefore, tumour hypoxia imaging is crucial. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows its strength in high resolution, depth of penetration and noninvasiveness. However, it needs more excellent contrast agents (CAs) to combat the complex tumour microenvironment (TME) and increased targeting of tumours to enhance clinical safety. Many research studies have focused on developing hypoxia-responsive MRI CAs that take advantage of the unique characteristics of hypoxic tumours. The low oxygen pressure, acidic TME, and up-regulated redox molecule levels found in hypoxic tumours serve as biological stimuli for nanoformulations that can accurately image the hypoxic region. This review highlights the importance of developing bioparameter-directed nanoformulations as MRI CAs for accurate tumour diagnosis. The design strategies and mechanisms of tumour-hypoxia imaging with nanoformulations are exemplified, with a focus on pH-responsiveness, redox-responsiveness, and p(O2)-responsiveness. The promising future of bioparameter-responsive nanoformulations for accurate tumour diagnosis and personalised cancer treatment is discussed.