巴西著名科学家路易斯·罗道尔福·特拉瓦索教授在促进结合微生物学和肿瘤学的跨学科研究方面起到了重要作用。这项工作为肿瘤发生的理解开辟了新的途径，并有助于创新治疗工具的开发。他的工作中一个重要领域是对生物活性肽的探索，其中许多首次被确定为其抗微生物特性。由于其选择性、经济性、易于合成、抗原性低和组织穿透性优秀，这些肽显示出作为潜在癌症治疗药物的前景。特拉瓦索教授的开创性工作揭示了来自微生物源的肽的潜力，如利用噬菌体展示技术获得的肽。更重要的是，在国际合作中，来自互补决定区（CDR）的抗真菌活性肽进一步显示了它们作为抗癌细胞毒性工具的潜力。同样，来自天然来源的肽，如gomesin肽，不仅具有抗微生物特性，而且可以在实验模型中治疗皮肤黑色素瘤。这些治疗工具使特拉瓦索教授及其团队能够探索推动肿瘤发展的复杂因素和途径，包括持续的增殖信号、逃避肿瘤抑制基因、抑制程序性细胞死亡和细胞的不朽性。本综述考察了这些肽的作用机制，并将其与被普遍承认的癌症标志进行了对齐，并评估了它们作为药物候选物的潜力。它强调了对更具选择性、受微生物学启发的抗癌策略的迫切需求，这种策略可以避免对健康细胞的损伤，而当前疗法往往难以解决这个挑战。通过全面评估特拉瓦索教授的创新贡献并详细讨论微生物学衍生肽的日益重要性，本综述提供了关于癌症治疗可能未来方向的知情且有力的观点。© 2023. 作者。

Prof. Luiz Rodolpho Travassos, a distinguished Brazilian scientist, was instrumental in fostering an interdisciplinary research approach that seamlessly combined microbiology and oncology. This work has opened new pathways into the understanding of tumorigenesis and aided in the development of innovative therapeutic tools. One significant area of his work has been the exploration of bioactive peptides, many of which were first identified for their antimicrobial properties. These peptides demonstrate promise as potential cancer therapeutics due to their selectivity, cost-effectiveness, ease of synthesis, low antigenicity, and excellent tissue penetration. Prof. Travassos' pioneering work uncovered on the potential of peptides derived from microbiological sources, such as those obtained using phage display techniques. More importantly, in international cooperation, peptides derived from complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) that showed antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans further showed to be promising tools with cytotoxic properties against cancer cells. Similarly, peptides derived from natural sources, such as the gomesin peptide, not only had shown antimicrobial properties but could treat cutaneous melanoma in experimental models. These therapeutic tools allowed Prof. Travassos and his group to navigate the intricate landscape of factors and pathways that drive cancer development, including persistent proliferative signaling, evasion of tumor suppressor genes, inhibition of programmed cell death, and cellular immortality. This review examines the mechanisms of action of these peptides, aligning them with the universally recognized hallmarks of cancer, and evaluates their potential as drug candidates. It highlights the crucial need for more selective, microbiology-inspired anti-cancer strategies that spare healthy cells, a challenge that current therapies often struggle to address. By offering a comprehensive assessment of Prof. Travassos' innovative contributions and a detailed discussion on the increasing importance of microbiology-derived peptides, this review presents an informed and robust perspective on the possible future direction of cancer therapy.© 2023. The Author(s).