移植患者的整体癌症风险增加，包括肾移植。本研究旨在分析接受经皮热消融的肾移植恶性肿瘤患者的结果。我们纳入了26例肾移植肿瘤，包括7例透明细胞肾细胞癌（RCC）、16例乳头状RCC、1例透明细胞乳头状RCC和2例小管囊性RCC，共进行19次消融手术治疗。评估了热消融治疗的结果，包括技术成功率、不良事件、局部肿瘤进展、转移发生、热消融后存活以及肾功能改变。所有消融手术均取得了成功（初次成功率：96%；二次成功率：100%）。未观察到3、4或5级的不良事件。中位随访期为34个月（15-69个月）。两位患者在随访期间死于与肾癌无关的原因。程序后1年的估计肾小球滤过率中位数下降为-4（四分位数范围，-7到0）mL/min/1.73m2。一名患者在手术后一年内恢复了透析。经皮热消融对于治疗移植肾恶性肿瘤显示出令人信服的疗效，并应成为一种有用的治疗选择。较短的住院时间、避免移植困难解剖的优势以及对移植器官功能的良好保留显示出延长此适应症的积极意义。版权所有 © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。

The overall cancer risk increases in transplant patients, including in kidney allografts. This study aimed to analyze the outcome of patients with kidney allograft malignant tumors who underwent percutaneous thermal ablation.We included 26 renal allograft tumors, including 7 clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCCs), 16 papillary RCCs, 1 clear-cell papillary RCC, and 2 tubulocystic RCCs, treated in 19 ablation sessions. Outcomes of thermal ablation therapy were assessed, including technical success, adverse events, local tumor progression, development of metastases, survival after thermal ablation, and changes in renal function.Success rate was achieved in all ablation sessions (primary success rate: 96%; secondary success rate: 100%). No adverse events were observed in grades 3, 4, or 5. The median follow-up period was of 34 mo (15-69 mo). Two patients died during follow-up from a cause independent of renal cancer. The median decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate 1 y after procedure was -4 (interquartile range, -7 to 0) mL/min/1.73 m2. One patient returned to dialysis within the year of the procedure.Percutaneous thermal ablation shows convincing results for treating malignant renal graft tumors and should be a useful treatment option. The shorter hospitalization time, the advantage of avoiding a potentially challenging dissection of the transplant, and the excellent preservation of allograft function appear encouraging to extend this indication.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.