外肝胆管腺瘤发生罕见，此类病例很难通过不同影像检查鉴别其与胆管癌或胆管结石，易导致误诊。本研究旨在评估西安交通大学第一附属医院2016至2022年间收治的9例外肝胆管腺瘤患者的临床特征和治疗经验。共纳入9例患者进行研究。对每位患者进行了实验室检查、疾病诊断、治疗和病理特征评估，并进行了随访。研究人群包括6名女性和3名男性，平均诊断年龄为65.1岁（范围46-87岁）。六例外肝胆管腺瘤位于总胆管，三例位于肝管。初始症状表现为胆源性阻塞性黄疸（4/9，44.4%）、腹痛（6/9，66.7%）和发热（3/9，33.3%）。术前影像检查鉴别6例为胆管癌和3例为胆管结石。所有患者均接受手术治疗，并通过病理学确定为胆管腺瘤。所有9例患者术后症状明显改善。9例中有7例在随访中恢复良好，无肿瘤复发。1例患者在手术后2个月因心力衰竭去世。1例患者在术后8个月再次出现黄疸，接受内镜逆行胰胆管造影和胆管支架置入。良性外肝胆管肿瘤罕见且术前难以确定诊断。术中胆管镜检查和及时活检可能具有重要优势。©作者 2023。百事登出版集团公司所有，保留所有权利。

Biliary adenomas that occur in the extrahepatic biliary tree are rare. It is difficult to distinguish it from cholangiocarcinoma or cholangiolithiasis by various imaging examinations, and it is very easy to be misdiagnosed.To evaluate the cumulative experiences including clinical characteristics and treatments of nine patients diagnosed with extrahepatic biliary adenoma admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2016 to 2022.A total of nine patients were included in our study. The laboratory examinations, disease diagnosis, therapy and pathological characteristics, and follow-up of every patient were evaluated.Our cohort consisted of six females and three males with an average diagnosis age of 65.1 years (range 46-87). Six extrahepatic biliary adenomas were located in the common bile ducts and three in the hepatic duct. On initial presentation, all of the patients have symptom of biliary origin, including obstructive jaundice (4/9, 44.4%), abdominal pain (6/9, 66.7%), and fever (3/9, 33.3%). Preoperative imaging examination considered bile duct carcinoma in 6 cases and bile duct calculi in 3 cases. All the patients received surgical treatment and were confirmed by pathology as biliary adenoma. The symptoms improved significantly in all 9 patients after surgery. Seven of nine patients recovered well at follow-up without tumor recurrence. One patient died 2 mo after the surgery due to heart failure. One patient developed jaundice again 8 mo after surgery, underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and biliary stent placement.Benign extrahepatic biliary tumors are rare and difficult to diagnosis preoperatively. Intraoperative choledochoscopy and timely biopsy may offer great advantages.©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.