乳头状甲状腺癌（PTC）被认为是一种相当常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤，由于形态差异广泛，可以分为不同的多个亚型。大部分PTC的亚型已有报道，但有结节性纤维状间质（NFS）的PTC是一种罕见的病理亚型，在相关文献中报道较少。这种情况涉及大量富含纤维状细胞的反应性间质成分，可能占肿瘤的60%-80%，同时伴有典型的乳头状癌。一名44岁男性患者出现左侧颈前区可触及肿块的症状，肿瘤在发现前4个月逐渐增大，但无痛感。甲状腺功能检查结果正常。体格检查显示甲状腺左叶巨大而坚实的结节性肿块延伸至舌骨水平。颈部超声检查显示一个边界清晰的不均质病灶，大小约为5.0 cm × 4.0 cm，有低回声的复合结节、血管减少和微小钙化点。患者接受了左侧甲状腺切除术并进行中央区淋巴结清扫。最终的组织病理学检查确认了具有广泛纤维瘤样间质的PTC的诊断。患者在3个月的随访中无症状。PTC-NFS 是一种罕见的病理亚型，其诊断和预后可能与典型的乳头状癌相似。©作者（们）2023.由百世邓格出版集团出版。版权所有。

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is regarded as a fairly common endocrine malignancy, which can be divided into different multiple variants due to wide morphologic differences. The majority of PTC variants have been reported, but PTC with nodular fasciitis-like stroma (NFS) is a rare pathological variant and has been infrequently reported in the relevant literature. This condition involves abundant reactive stromal components rich in spindle cells, which may account for 60%-80% of the tumor along with a typical papillary carcinoma.A 44-year-old man presented with a 4-mo history of a palpable mass over the anterior aspect of the left neck, the tumor demonstrated gradual enlargement but was painless during the 4 mo prior to discovery. Thyroid function test results were normal. Physical examination showed an enormous and firm nodular mass in the left lobe of the thyroid gland extending to the level of the hyoid bone. Ultrasonography of the neck revealed a well-defined heterogeneous lesion measuring around 5.0 cm × 4.0 cm with a hypoechoic complex nodule, decreased vascularity and speckles of microcalcification. The patient underwent left thyroidectomy with central compartment lymph node dissection. Final histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PTC with extensive fibromatosis-like stroma combined with typical PTC. The patient was asymptomatic at the 3-mo follow-up.PTC-NFS is a rare pathological variant and its diagnosis and prognosis may be similar to typical papillary carcinoma.©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.