肿瘤免疫微环境(TIME)广泛由各种免疫细胞组成, 它的异质性特征在于免疫细胞和基质细胞。在肿瘤形成、发展和抗肿瘤治疗过程中, TIME的组成变得异质性。这种免疫学的异质性不仅存在于种群之间, 还存在于时间和空间规模上。由于存在TIME，当相似的治疗策略提供给患者时，临床结果可能会有所不同。因此, 对TIME的异质性进行全面评估对于制定精确有效的治疗方案至关重要。借助先进技术的帮助, 我们有可能理解TIME的复杂多样性及其对治疗反应的影响。在本综述中, 我们讨论了TIME异质性的潜在原因以及探索其的当前方法。我们还总结了基于相关机制或靶点控制免疫异质性的临床干预策略。© 2023. 高等教育出版社.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is broadly composed of various immune cells, and its heterogeneity is characterized by both immune cells and stromal cells. During the course of tumor formation and progression and anti-tumor treatment, the composition of the TIME becomes heterogeneous. Such immunological heterogeneity is not only present between populations but also exists on temporal and spatial scales. Owing to the existence of TIME, clinical outcomes can differ when a similar treatment strategy is provided to patients. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of TIME heterogeneity is essential for developing precise and effective therapies. Facilitated by advanced technologies, it is possible to understand the complexity and diversity of the TIME and its influence on therapy responses. In this review, we discuss the potential reasons for TIME heterogeneity and the current approaches used to explore it. We also summarize clinical intervention strategies based on associated mechanisms or targets to control immunological heterogeneity.© 2023. Higher Education Press.