尽管人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者人数不断增加，但国际文献中对导致感染者住院的因素缺乏了解。本研究旨在调查意大利西西里岛（Sicily）2010年1月至2021年9月期间人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者的住院情况，并分析住院死亡的特征和风险因素，以及意大利人和外国人之间的差异。我们回顾性收集了所有住院于西西里岛医院的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者的出院表格数据。根据住院死亡率，我们使用单变量分析评估了年龄、性别、国籍、住院时间、获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）和非AIDS相关疾病的情况。与死亡有关的因素被纳入逻辑回归模型中。总共发生了2726名人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者的5281次住院，其中大部分与非AIDS相关疾病有关。约20％的患者来自非洲。逻辑回归分析表明住院死亡与某些与AIDS和非AIDS相关的疾病（消耗综合征、淋巴瘤、卡波西肉瘤、进展性多灶性脑白质脑病、隐球菌病、脓肿、败血症、心血管疾病、肾病和呼吸系统疾病）有关。非洲患者入院与结核病、弓形虫感染、Burkitt淋巴瘤和乙型肝炎诊断显著相关。我们的研究显示，大多数住院与非AIDS定义的疾病相关，意大利人和非洲患者之间存在差异。版权所有© 2023 The Author(s)。由Elsevier Ltd.发表。版权所有。

Despite the rising number of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there is a lack of knowledge about the factors that lead to PLWHs being hospitalized in worldwide literature. Our study aimed to investigate PLWH admissions in Sicily (Italy) between January 2010 and September 2021 and to analyze the characteristics and risk factors for in-hospital mortality and differences between Italians and foreigners.Data from the hospital discharge forms of all people living with HIV (PLWH) hospitalized in Sicilian hospitals were retrospectively collected. Age, sex, nationality, length of stay, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and non-AIDS-related diseases were evaluated using univariate analysis according to in-hospital mortality rates. The factors associated with mortality were included in the logistic regression model.In total, 5281 admissions from 2726 PLWHs occurred, most of which were related to non-AIDS diseases. Approximately 20 % regarded foreign patients, mainly from Africa. Logistic regression analysis revealed an association between in-hospital mortality and some AIDS- and non-AIDS-related diseases (wasting syndrome, lymphomas, Kaposi sarcomas, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, cryptococcosis, abscesses, sepsis, cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and respiratory diseases). African patient admissions were significantly associated with tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, Burkitt lymphoma, and hepatitis B diagnoses.Our study showed that most hospitalizations were related to non-AIDS-defining diseases, with differences between Italian and foreign patients, mainly from Africa.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.