本研究旨在比较在肝硬化患者中，采用压缩感知（CS）和受控多重抗混叠并行成像结果较高加速度（CAIPIRINHA）所获得的肝胆相（HBP）图像质量和局灶病变检测能力。我们回顾性地纳入了自2020年7月至2020年12月间244位肝硬化患者的244个利用CS和CAIPIRINHA得到的患者肝胆相增强MRI。进行CS-HBP和CAIPIRINHA-HBP优化的分辨率和扫描时间分别为0.9 x 0.9 x 1.5 mm³和15秒，以及1.3 x 1.3 x 3 mm³和16秒。我们在244位患者中比较了这两组图像的图像质量，并对112例患者（n=294）进行了局灶病变分析。CS-HBP与CAIPIRINHA-HBP相比显示出相当的整体图像质量（3.7±0.9 vs. 3.6±0.8，p=0.680），更好的肝缘锐度（3.9±0.6 vs. 3.6±0.5，p<0.001）和更少的呼吸运动伪影（4.0±0.7 vs. 3.8±0.5，p<0.001），但非呼吸伪影（3.4±0.7 vs. 3.6±0.6，p<0.001）和主观图像噪声（3.5±0.8 vs. 3.6±0.7，p=0.014）较高。与CAIPIRINHA-HBP相比，CS-HBP在肝脏的信噪比较高（20.9±9.0 vs. 18.9±7.1，p=0.008）。CS-HBP与CAIPIRINHA-HBP的综合灵敏度、特异度和AUC分别为90.0%、77.5%和0.84，以及73.5%、82.4%和0.78。与CAIPIRINHA-HBP相比，CS-HBP具有更好的局灶病变检测能力，相当的整体图像质量和较少的呼吸运动伪影，但非呼吸伪影和噪声较高。因此，我们建议在肝硬化患者的肝脏MRI中采用CS-HBP以改善诊断效果。对于Child-Pugh A级的肝硬化患者，薄层CS-HBP可能有助于检测亚厘米级肝细胞癌。与受控多重抗混叠并行成像结果较高加速度相比，压缩感知肝胆相在得到更薄的切片和更短的扫描时间时采用了更高的加速因子。压缩感知肝胆相显示出相当的整体图像质量、更好的肝缘锐度和较少的呼吸运动伪影，但非呼吸伪影和主观图像噪声较高。压缩感知肝胆相可以检测Child-Pugh A级的肝硬化患者的亚厘米级肝细胞癌。© 2023. 作者授权欧洲放射学会独家使用。

We aimed to compare the image quality and focal lesion detection ability of hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images obtained using compressed sensing (CS) and controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) in patients with liver cirrhosis.We retrospectively included 244 gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI from 244 patients with cirrhosis obtained by two HBP images using CS and CAIPIRINHA from July 2020 to December 2020. The optimized resolution and scan time for CS-HBP and CAIPIRINHA-HBP were 0.9 × 0.9 × 1.5 mm3 and 15 s and 1.3 × 1.3 × 3 mm3 and 16 s, respectively. We compared the image quality between the two sets of images in 244 patients and focal lesion (n = 294) analyses for 112 patients.CS-HBP showed comparable overall image quality (3.7 ± 0.9 vs. 3.6 ± 0.8, p = 0.680), superior liver edge sharpness (3.9 ± 0.6 vs. 3.6 ± 0.5, p < 0.001), and fewer respiratory motion artifacts (4.0 ± 0.7 vs. 3.8 ± 0.5, p < 0.001), but higher non-respiratory artifacts (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 3.6 ± 0.6, p < 0.001) and subjective image noise (3.5 ± 0.8 vs. 3.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.014) than CAIPIRINHA-HBP. CS-HBP showed a higher signal-to-noise ratio in the liver than CAIPIRINHA-HBP (20.9 ± 9.0 vs. 18.9 ± 7.1, p = 0.008). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 90.0%, 77.5%, and 0.84 for CS-HBP and 73.5%, 82.4%, and 0.78 for CAIPIRINHA-HBP, respectively.CS-HBP showed better focal lesion detection ability, comparable overall image quality, and fewer respiratory motion artifacts, but higher non-respiratory artifacts and noise compared to CAIPIRINHA-HBP. Thus, CS-HBP could be recommended for liver MRI in patients with cirrhosis to improve diagnostic performance.Thin-slice CS-HBP may be useful for detecting sub-centimeter hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with Child-Pugh classification A while maintaining comparable subjective image quality.• Compared with controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration, compressed sensing hepatobiliary phase yielded thinner slices and shorter scan time at a higher accelerating factor. • Compressed sensing hepatobiliary phase showed comparable overall image quality, superior liver edge sharpness, and fewer respiratory motion artifacts, but higher non-respiratory artifacts and subjective image noise than controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration-hepatobiliary phase. • Compressed sensing hepatobiliary phase can detect sub-centimeter hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with Child-Pugh classification A.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to European Society of Radiology.