黑种草对头颈鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）具有抗癌作用，其活性成分硫醚酆（TQ）已被证明具有抗癌作用。本研究旨在概述TQ的特性、HNSCC形成的已知驱动因子，并总结SCC中TQ的抗癌效果。我们在PubMed、Embase和Google Scholar三个数据库上以“硫醚酆鳞状细胞癌”为关键词进行查询。排除了不是原始研究以及没有完整文本可供审阅的出版物。最终包含了16篇研究文章。我们的综述表明，TQ诱导的细胞毒性与肿瘤抑制因子p53、促凋亡蛋白Bax和半胱天冬酶的表达和活性增加有关，与抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和Mdm2的表达和活性降低有关。此外，TQ调节细胞存活途径，如PI3k/Akt途径。TQ与顺铂和放疗等治疗物联合使用具有协同作用。早期使用TQ可以通过上调抗氧化酶来预防癌变，而在癌症存在的情况下，通过诱导氧化应激可以减轻疾病。TQ作为促凋亡途径的上调因子和抗凋亡途径的下调因子，在肿瘤发展中调节氧化应激平衡，并与其他化疗药物共同作用以增加细胞毒性。TQ有潜力在高危SCC患者中预防恶性肿瘤，并作为传统治疗过程中的辅助治疗。未来的研究应该致力于确定TQ在哪些特定人群中的效果最有益。非公开。© 2023作者。由Wiley Periodicals LLC代表Triological Society出版的Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology发表。

Thymoquinone (TQ), the active constituent of Nigella sativa, has been shown to have anticancer effects in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This review aims to outline the properties of TQ, the known drivers in HNSCC formation, and summarize the anticancer effects of TQ in SCC.Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar) were queried for the key words "thymoquinone squamous cell carcinoma."Publications that were not original research and publications that did not have full-text available for review were excluded.Sixteen research articles met the inclusion criteria. Our review demonstrates that TQ-induced cytotoxicity is associated with increased expression and activity of the tumor suppressor p53, proapoptotic proteins Bax and caspases, as well as decreased expression and activity of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Mdm2. Additionally, TQ modulates cell-survival pathways such as the PI3k/Akt pathway. TQ synergizes with therapeutics including cisplatin and radiation. Early TQ administration may prevent carcinogenesis via upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, and TQ administration in the presence of cancer can result in disease mitigation via induction of oxidative stress.TQ acts as an upregulator of proapoptotic pathways and downregulator of antiapoptotic pathways, modulates the oxidative stress balance in tumor development, and works synergistically alongside other chemotherapeutics to increase cytotoxicity. TQ has the potential to prevent carcinogenesis in patients who are at high-risk for SCC and adjuvant treatment for SCC patients undergoing conventional treatments. Future studies should aim to identify specific populations in which TQ's effects would be the most beneficial.Not available.© 2023 The Authors. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Triological Society.