结核病（TB）是一种与其他医疗状况有关的复杂疾病，可能影响疾病的严重程度。本研究旨在调查合并疾病对波兰结核病患者的治疗结果和死亡率的影响。我们在波兰分析了一份包括19,217名2011年至2016年之间被诊断为成人结核病患者的国家队列。我们比较了具有合并疾病和没有合并疾病的患者的治疗成功率和死亡率，以评估不同合并疾病对这些结果的影响。计算了Odds ratios（OR）以量化合并疾病与结核病治疗结果之间的关联。 具有合并疾病的患者具有较低的治疗成功率和更高的死亡率。糖尿病被确定为增加结核病死亡率（OR = 1.9）和其他原因死亡率（OR = 4.5）的显著风险因素。酗酒症（OR = 8.3和OR = 7.1）、免疫抑制治疗（OR = 5.7和OR = 5.9）以及癌症（OR = 3.4和OR = 15.4）也存在类似的关联。HIV和吸烟与非结核病原因导致的死亡风险增加有关，其相应的Odds ratios分别为28.6和2.2。研究人群的总体治疗成功率为88.0%，有9.2%的患者未能成功治疗，2.8%的患者死亡。糖尿病、酗酒症、物质成瘾、免疫抑制治疗、癌症和吸烟等合并疾病增加了结核病治疗失败的风险。 具有合并疾病的患者面临较高的治疗失败和死亡风险。必须实施综合管理策略，同时解决结核病和合并疾病，以提高治疗成功率并减少死亡率。 版权所有 © 2023 Nowiński, Wesołowski和Korzeniewska-Koseła。

Tuberculosis (TB) is a complex disease associated with other medical conditions, that may affect disease severity. This study aimed to investigate the impact of comorbidities on treatment outcomes and mortality rates in patients with TB in Poland.We analyzed a national cohort of 19,217 adult TB patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2016 in Poland. We compared treatment success rates and mortality rates in patients with comorbidities and those without to assess the impact of various comorbidities on these outcomes. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to quantify the association between comorbidities and TB treatment outcomes.Patients with comorbidities had lower treatment success rates and higher mortality rates. Diabetes was identified as a significant risk factor for increased TB mortality (OR = 1.9) and mortality from all other causes (OR = 4.5). Similar associations were found for alcoholism (OR = 8.3 and OR = 7.1), immunosuppressive therapy (OR = 5.7 and OR = 5.9), and cancer (OR = 3.4 and OR = 15.4). HIV and tobacco use were associated with an increased risk of mortality from causes other than TB, with odds ratios of 28.6 and 2.2, respectively. The overall treatment success rate in the study population was 88.0%, with 9.2% of patients failing to achieve treatment success and 2.8% dying. Comorbidities such as diabetes, alcoholism, substance addiction, immunosuppressive therapy, cancer, and tobacco use increased the risk of tuberculosis treatment failure.Patients with comorbidities face a higher risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes and increased mortality. It is essential to implement integrated management strategies that address both TB and comorbid conditions to improve treatment success rates and reduce mortality.Copyright © 2023 Nowiński, Wesołowski and Korzeniewska-Koseła.