癌症治疗的进步已经大大提高了生存率，现在已经包括将近2000万名患者，并持续上升。然而，与特定癌症治疗相关的心血管毒性对患者的结果产生了负面影响。心血管成像技术的进步巩固了在癌症患者中检测、监测和预测心脏风险的关键作用。然而，分散式评估导致在当代癌症治疗（例如，免疫治疗、靶向治疗或生物治疗）中对成像最佳应用缺乏共识。同样，现有的孤立的临床前和临床研究在心血管成像模式在癌症治疗中的有效性方面提供了不完整的见解。本科学陈述的目标是定义当前证据对癌症治疗和康复中心血管成像的现状，并提出新的方法论来指导将心血管成像在未来的临床试验和登记中的最佳应用。我们还提出一个基于证据的整合方法来在常规临床设置中使用心血管成像。在新型抗癌治疗时代，本科学陈述总结和澄清现有证据，同时为多模式心血管成像在心血管护理中的最佳应用提供指导。

Advances in cancer therapeutics have led to dramatic improvements in survival, now inclusive of nearly 20 million patients and rising. However, cardiovascular toxicities associated with specific cancer therapeutics adversely affect the outcomes of patients with cancer. Advances in cardiovascular imaging have solidified the critical role for robust methods for detecting, monitoring, and prognosticating cardiac risk among patients with cancer. However, decentralized evaluations have led to a lack of consensus on the optimal uses of imaging in contemporary cancer treatment (eg, immunotherapy, targeted, or biological therapy) settings. Similarly, available isolated preclinical and clinical studies have provided incomplete insights into the effectiveness of multiple modalities for cardiovascular imaging in cancer care. The aims of this scientific statement are to define the current state of evidence for cardiovascular imaging in the cancer treatment and survivorship settings and to propose novel methodological approaches to inform the optimal application of cardiovascular imaging in future clinical trials and registries. We also propose an evidence-based integrated approach to the use of cardiovascular imaging in routine clinical settings. This scientific statement summarizes and clarifies available evidence while providing guidance on the optimal uses of multimodality cardiovascular imaging in the era of emerging anticancer therapies.