目的 本研究旨在调查长链非编码RNA泛素特异性肽酶30反义RNA 1（lncRNA USP30-AS1）在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌（OSC）中的表达及其与免疫浸润的关系，并确定其在OSC中的预后作用。方法 利用癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库检索了384名OSC患者的USP30-AS1表达和临床信息。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较OSC与正常卵巢组织中USP30-AS1的表达。采用Logistic回归分析评估临床病理特征与USP30-AS1之间的关系。采用基因集富集分析（GSEA）和单样本基因集富集分析（ssGSEA）研究富集途径和功能，并定量测定USP30-AS1中免疫细胞浸润的程度。根据长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）USP30-AS1的表达水平，将样本分为高和低表达组。采用log-rank检验，单变量和多变量比例危险模型（Cox）比较不同USP30-AS1表达组之间的预后差异。还分析了lncRNA USP30-AS1表达对其他基因组分析的影响。结果 高USP30-AS1表达与肿瘤的国际妇产科联合会（FIGO）分期显著相关。多变量生存分析表明，USP30-AS1表达水平是OSC的独立预后标志物。GSEA数据显示，高USP30-AS1表达可能激活PD-1信号通路、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4（CTLA4）通路、B细胞受体信号通路、细胞凋亡、成纤维细胞生长因子受体（FGFR）信号通路和Janus激酶/信号转导与转录激活因子（JAK / STAT）信号通路。USP30-AS1的表达与B细胞、CD4+ T细胞、树突状细胞、CD8+ T细胞和中性粒细胞等免疫细胞浸润呈负相关。结论 USP30-AS1可能是OSC的预后分子标记。

Objective To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA ubiquitin-specific peptidase 30 antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA USP30-AS1) and its relationship with immune infiltration in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OSC), and to determine its prognostic role in OSC. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was utilized to retrieve the expression of USP30-AS1 and clinical information of 384 OSC patients. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was employed to compare the expression of USP30-AS1 between OSC and normal ovarian tissues. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between clinical pathological features and USP30-AS1. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were performed to investigate enrichment pathways and functions and quantify the degree of immune cell infiltration in USP30-AS1. Based on the expression level of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) USP30-AS1, the samples were divided into high and low expression groups according to the expression mean. Log-rank tests, univariate and multivariate proportional hazards model (Cox) were used to compare prognostic differences between different USP30-AS1 expression groups. The impact of lncRNA USP30-AS1 expression on other genomic analyses was also analyzed. Results High expression of USP30-AS1 was significantly associated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage of the tumor. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that USP30-AS1 expression level served as an independent prognostic marker for OSC. GSEA data showed that high expression of USP30-AS1 might activate programmed death 1 (PD-1) signaling pathway, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) pathway, B-cell receptor signaling pathway, cell apoptosis, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway, and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. The expression of USP30-AS1 was negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration, including B cells, CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells, CD8+ T cells, and neutrophils. Conclusion USP30-AS1 may be used as a prognostic molecular marker for OSC.