阿拉伯国家预测癌症发病率和死亡率将增加，然而，关于阿拉伯国家与世界其他地区癌症流行病学的比较研究有限。我们利用2018年全球癌症观察台数据，比较阿拉伯国家与世界其他地区的年龄标化发病率和死亡率估计值。阿拉伯国家所有癌症的发病率和死亡率均低于世界整体水平，但非何杰金淋巴瘤、何杰金淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、乳腺癌和肝癌的发病率较高。阿拉伯国家整体上的死亡率-发病率比例高于世界整体比例。就年龄特定组而言，阿拉伯国家的发病率在不同的子区域（黎凡特、阿拉伯湾和阿拉伯非洲子区域）以及伊拉克和埃及之间存在差异，这表明存在一些共同和独特的环境因素，可能与种族或遗传遗传有关。阿拉伯国家有必要进行改善，包括通过改善治疗来降低高死亡率-发病率比例，并支持疫苗接种计划和抗病毒治疗，以预防常见的病毒感染相关癌症。年轻阿拉伯人多种癌症发病率的高发表明遗传因素的重要性，并强调了遗传流行病学研究的重要性。本研究对于评估和监测阿拉伯国家的癌症国家倡议的进展，以及癌症监测和预防计划的改进和临床管理具有重要参考意义。该研究还提供了一个独特地区癌症情况的全面概述，可以揭示环境、生活方式和遗传风险因素之间的相互作用。

Arab countries are projecting increase in cancer incidence and mortality, however, there are limited studies that compare the epidemiology of cancer in Arab countries compared to other parts of the world.We used the 2018 Global Cancer Observatory data to compare the age-standardized incidence and mortality estimates in Arab-speaking countries to the rest of the world.Rates for incidence and mortality for all cancers in Arab countries were lower than the world's rates but the incidence rates of non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma, bladder, breast, and liver cancers were higher. Arab countries generally had higher mortality-to-incidence ratio than the world's ratio. Incidence rates, even in age-specific groups, varied between sub-regions of Arab countries (the Levant, Arabian Gulf and Arab African sub-regions), and Iraq and Egypt, suggesting some common and unique environmental factors and possible ethnic or genetic heritages.There are essential scopes for improvements in Arab countries including better treatments to reduce the high mortality-to-incidence ratio, and supporting vaccination programs and anti-viral treatments that would prevent the prevalent viral infection-related cancers. The high incidence of several cancers in younger Arabs suggests genetic factors and underlines the importance of genetic epidemiology studies.This study is an essential reference to evaluate and monitor the progress of national cancer initiatives in Arab countries for surveillance and prevention programs and improving clinical management. The study also provides a comprehensive snapshot of cancers in a unique region that could shed light on the interplay of environmental, lifestyle and genetic risk factors.