最高达50%的患有局部前列腺癌接受根治手术治疗的患者可能出现生化复发情况，需要进行合适的管理。生化复发的定义可能有所不同，但在所有情况下，都包括前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）的升高，且无临床或放射学疾病征象。分子影像学，尤其是正电子发射断层扫描逐渐取代骨骼扫描和CT扫描，在复发诊断中占据了重要地位。前列腺床区放疗目前是关键治疗手段，其作用应通过雄激素剥夺治疗加以增强。目前的研究重点在于确定最佳的联合治疗方案，特别是通过下一代激素治疗来实现，但不仅限于此。目前有多项试验正在进行中，将解决这些问题。本文通过文献综述的方式，旨在讨论根治手术后前列腺癌生化复发的当前管理情况，结合最新研究结果，并展望未来的发展。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 发表。

Up to 50% of patients treated with radical surgery for localized prostate cancer may experience biochemical recurrence that requires appropriate management. Definitions of biochemical relapse may vary, but, in all cases, consist of an increase in a PSA without clinical or radiological signs of disease. Molecular imaging through to positron emission tomography has taken a preponderant place in relapse diagnosis, progressively replacing bone scan and CT-scan. Prostate bed radiotherapy is currently a key treatment, the action of which should be potentiated by androgen deprivation therapy. Nowadays perspectives consist in determining the best combination therapies, particularly thanks to next-generation hormone therapies, but not exclusively. Several trials are ongoing and should address these issues. We present here a literature review aiming to discuss the current management of biochemical relapse in prostate cancer after radical surgery, in lights of recent findings, as well as future perspectives.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.