体育锻炼（EXR）已被证明对人体各个系统有许多有益影响。它能降低心血管疾病、癌症、代谢和中枢神经系统紊乱等慢性疾病导致的死亡风险。EXR有助于改善心血管健康、认知功能、免疫活性、内分泌作用和肌骨健康。这些积极效果使EXR成为促进各个年龄段个体整体健康与福祉的有价值干预措施。这些有益效果部分通过定期EXR在适应氧化还原平衡中的作用来介导，以抵抗ROS（许多慢性疾病的标志）的突然增加。EXR可以引发多种体液因子（如蛋白质、微RNA、DNA）的释放, 这些因子可以作为细胞外囊泡（EVs）的载体。EVs在氧化应激和EXR之后表现出不同的载体修饰。在本综述中，我们旨在突出EXR和氧化应激条件下释放的EVs在增强抗氧化酶途径和减少其负载引起的氧化应激环境方面的主要研究。版权所有 © 2023, Elsevier Inc.发表。

Physical Exercise (EXR) has been shown to have numerous beneficial effects on various systems in the human body. It leads to a decrease in the risk of mortality from chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and metabolic and central nervous system disorders. EXR results in improving cardiovascular fitness, cognitive function, immune activity, endocrine action and musculoskeletal health. These positive effects make EXR a valuable intervention for promoting overall health and well-being in individuals of all ages. These beneficial effects are partially mediated by the role of the regular EXR in the adaptation to redox homeostasis counteracting the sudden increase of ROS, the hallmark of many chronic diseases. EXR can trigger the release of numerous humoral factors (e.g. protein, microRNA, DNA), that can be shuttled as cargo of Extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs show different cargo modification after oxidative stress stimuli as well as after EXR. In this review, we aim to highlight the main studies on the role of EVs released during EXR and oxidative stress conditions in enhancing the antioxidant enzymes pathway and in the decrease of oxidative stress environment mediated by their cargo.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.