组织驻留性记忆性CD8 T细胞负责在不同组织中进行局部免疫监视，包括大脑。它们构成了对病原体和癌细胞的第一道防线，并在自身免疫中起作用。最近发表的研究表明，具有驻留性标记的CD8 T细胞，含有不同的粒酶和干扰素-γ，浸润到帕金森病的早期运动前期阶段大脑黑质的实质中，并与多巴胺能神经元接触。这种浸润先于α-突触核聚集和黑质神经元丧失，暗示了CD8 T细胞在该疾病发生中的相关作用。迄今为止，引发适应性免疫应答的抗原的性质仍然不明。本综述将讨论组织驻留性记忆性CD8 T细胞在脑免疫稳态和帕金森病及其他神经疾病发病中的作用。我们还讨论了衰老和遗传因素如何影响CD8 T细胞的免疫应答，以及动物模型在研究与人类相关的免疫应答时可能会产生误导。最后，我们推测帕金森病可能有传染性或自身免疫的起源。版权所有 © 2023. Elsevier Inc. 发表

Tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells are responsible for local immune surveillance in different tissues, including the brain. They constitute the first line of defense against pathogens and cancer cells and play a role in autoimmunity. A recently published study demonstrated that CD8 T cells with markers of residency containing distinct granzymes and interferon-γ infiltrate the parenchyma of the substantia nigra and contact dopaminergic neurons in an early premotor stage of Parkinson's disease. This infiltration precedes α-synuclein aggregation and neuronal loss in the substantia nigra, suggesting a relevant role for CD8 T cells in the onset of the disease. To date, the nature of the antigen that initiates the adaptive immune response remains unknown. This review will discuss the role of tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells in brain immune homeostasis and in the onset of Parkinson's disease and other neurological diseases. We also discuss how aging and genetic factors can affect the CD8 T cell immune response and how animal models can be misleading when studying human-related immune response. Finally, we speculate about a possible infectious or autoimmune origin of Parkinson's disease.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.