癌症是心血管疾病之后成人死亡的第二主要原因。预防和早期诊断是肿瘤管理的基石之一。白蛋白尿是慢性肾脏疾病的诊断标准，并与多种情况包括心血管疾病和全身性炎症相关，然而白蛋白尿与恶性肿瘤之间的关联未得到充分解决。具有长期随访期的大规模观察性研究表明，白蛋白尿与总体恶性肿瘤发病率有显著关联，尤其是尿路上皮恶性肿瘤。然而，将这两个实体联系起来的潜在病理生理机制并非直接的因果关系，而是可能是一个包括因果关系的多方面关系。在本综述中，我们评估了研究白蛋白尿与恶性肿瘤关联的临床研究，以及他们之间潜在的机制。我们还总结了治疗白蛋白尿和/或蛋白尿所采用的治疗模式对预防或预后肿瘤的影响的数据。版权所有 © 2023年欧洲内科联合会。保留所有权利。

Cancer is the second leading cause of death among the adult population following cardiovascular diseases. Prevention and earlier diagnosis are among the cornerstones in the management of malignancies. Albuminuria is a diagnostic criterion for chronic kidney disease and has been associated with multiple conditions including cardiovascular diseases and systemic inflammation while the association between albuminuria and malignancy has been inadequately addressed. Large-scale observational studies with long follow-up periods demonstrate a statistically significant association between albuminuria and overall malignancy incidence, especially urothelial malignancy incidence. However, the underlying pathophysiology linking these two entities is not a straightforward causal relationship but most likely a multidirectional relationship including a causal link. In this narrative review, we evaluate the clinical studies investigating the association between albuminuria and malignancy along with potential underlying mechanisms linking them. We also summarize data on the impact of treatment modalities prescribed for albuminuria and/or proteinuria on the prevention or prognosis of malignancies.Copyright © 2023 European Federation of Internal Medicine. All rights reserved.