淋巴细胞富集型肝细胞癌（LR-HCC）是肝细胞癌的新提出的亚型，其特征是肿瘤中丰富的淋巴细胞浸润。 LR-HCC具有相对较好的预后，并且非常罕见（<1%的所有肝细胞癌）。我们通过分析2012年至2021年期间在我院接受手术切除的451例无先前治疗史的肝细胞癌病例，研究了LR-HCC的临床病理学和分子特征。比较了LR-HCC和其他肝细胞癌（非LR-HCC）的临床病理特征。采用激光显微切割系统收集了LR-HCC（n = 4）中的肿瘤和非肿瘤肝细胞，提取RNA，随后进行微阵列分析以检查淋巴细胞性浸润相关的分子靶标。在LR-HCC和非LR-HCC中进行了已鉴定的分子靶标的免疫组化染色。还对LR-HCC进行了CD3，CD20和CD8的免疫组织化学染色。共有28例LR-HCC（6％）。除了肿瘤外观类型之外，LR-HCC和非LR-HCC病例的临床病理特征之间没有显著差异。LR-HCC的5年生存率超过90％。微阵列分析显示LR-HCC中CCL20的表达较高，免疫组织化学研究显示与非LR-HCC相比，LR-HCC中CCL20的表达显著增加（P <0.01）。在LR-HCC中，只观察到CCL20受体CCR6存在于浸润淋巴细胞和肝细胞中。在肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞中，CD3阳性细胞明显多于CD20阳性细胞（P <0.0001），其中大部分是CD8阳性T细胞。总之，除了肿瘤外观类型和LR显微特征之外，LR-HCC和非LR-HCC之间的临床病理特征没有显著差异。LR-HCC中的CCL20表达可能有助于大量CD8阳性淋巴细胞的浸润。版权所有© 2023。Elsevier Inc.出版。

Lymphocyte-rich hepatocellular carcinoma (LR-HCC), a newly proposed subtype of HCC, is characterized with abundant lymphocyte infiltration in the tumor. LR-HCC has a relatively good prognosis and is quite rare (< 1% of all HCC). We examined LR-HCC clinicopathological and molecular characteristics by analyzing 451 surgically resected HCC cases without any prior treatment history at our hospital between 2012 and 2021. Clinicopathological features of LR-HCC and other HCCs (non-LR-HCC) were compared. Neoplastic and nonneoplastic hepatocytes from LR-HCC (n = 4) were collected with a laser microdissection system; RNA was extracted, followed by microarray analysis to examine lymphocytic infiltration-related molecular targets. Immunohistochemical staining of identified molecular target was performed in LR-HCC and non-LR-HCC. CD3, CD20, and CD8 immunostaining was also performed in LR-HCCs. There were 28 cases of LR-HCC (6%). No statistically significant differences were found in clinicopathological features, except for gross type, between LR-HCC and non-LR-HCC cases. The LR-HCC 5-year survival rate was > 90%. Microarray analysis revealed high CCL20 expression in LR-HCC cases; immunohistochemical study showed significantly higher CCL20 expression in LR-HCC (P < 0.01) than in non-LR-HCC. CCR6, the only CCL20 receptor, was observed in infiltrating lymphocytes and HCC cells in LR-HCC. There were significantly more CD3-positive cells than CD20-positive cells (P < 0.0001) in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, most of which were CD8-positive T cells. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics between LR-HCC and non-LR-HCC, except for gross and LR microscopic features. CCL20 expression in LR-HCC may contribute to infiltration of large numbers of CD8-positive lymphocytes.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.