癌症相关血栓（CT），特别是静脉血栓栓塞（VTE），是一种常见现象，多种因素导致血栓形成风险存在很大差异。多项研究已经检验了 ABO 血型与 CT 风险之间的关联，非 O 型血与血栓形成风险增加相关；然而，这些研究报告的结果各不相同，并具有公认的局限性。众所周知，ABO 血型与止血有关，通过冯维勒布兰德因子 (VWF) 介导。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们旨在总结有关 ABO 血型在 VTE 中的作用的当前知识，特别关注 VWF 和其他危险因素对 VTE 发生的作用。我们从文献中找到了 ABO 血型对确定健康人群 VTE 风险的影响的证据，但只有少数研究在癌症患者中检验了这种影响。此外，关于 ABO 对不同癌症类型影响的研究缺乏严谨性，特别是在其他风险因素方面。总体而言，大多数研究表明，非 O 型血癌症患者的 VTE 风险增加与 VWF 水平增加有很强的相关性。在一些研究中这种关联性较弱。在对各种癌症中 ABO 或 ABO-VWF 介导的高凝状态和 VTE 风险得出可靠结论之前，还需要进一步研究。这些研究将有助于确定 ABO 分型是否可以作为附加生物标志物，以改善癌症患者的 VTE 风险评估模型。Thieme。版权所有。

Cancer-associated thrombosis (CT), especially venous thromboembolism (VTE), is a common occurrence with several factors contributing to a wide diversity in thrombosis risk. The association between ABO blood groups and the risk for CT has been examined in various studies, with non-O blood type associated with an increased thrombosis risk; however, these studies have reported varying results with recognized limitations. ABO blood groups are known to be implicated in hemostasis, in an association mediated through von Willebrand factor (VWF). In this narrative review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge surrounding the role of ABO blood groups in VTE, with a particular focus on the role of VWF and other contributing risk factors on VTE occurrence. We found evidence from literature for the impact of ABO blood groups in determining the risk of VTE in healthy populations, with a limited number of studies examining this effect in cancer patients. Additionally, research on the impact of ABO on different cancer types lacks rigor, particularly in regard to other risk factors. Overall, most studies showed strong association of increased risk of VTE amongst cancer patients with non-O blood groups and increased VWF levels. This association was weaker in a few studies. Further research is needed before a solid conclusion can be made about the ABO or ABO-VWF-mediated hypercoagulability and VTE risk in various cancers. These studies will help determine if ABO typing can be an added biomarker to improve VTE risk assessment models in cancer patients.Thieme. All rights reserved.