接触环境污染物会导致多种疾病，包括肺部疾病、下呼吸道感染、癌症和中风。污染物可通过吸入、穿越内皮和上皮屏障、血脑屏障等方式进入人体，通过体循环广泛分布于人体各处。污染物通过多种机制引起细胞损伤，包括氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、（神经）炎症和蛋白质不稳定性/蛋白质毒性。传感污染物为疾病进展和药物失败增加了一个新的维度。了解支撑“传感”的分子途径和潜在的受体结合/信号传导可能有助于找到对抗污染物有害影响的方法。我们重点介绍了污染物信号传导的关键点、与作为慢性疾病药物靶标的受体的串扰，并讨论了未来治疗的潜力。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

Exposure to environmental pollutants contributes to diverse pathologies, including pulmonary disease, lower respiratory infections, cancer, and stroke. Pollutants' entry can occur through inhalation, traversing endothelial and epithelial barriers, and crossing the blood-brain barrier, leading to a wide distribution throughout the human body via systemic circulation. Pollutants cause cellular damage by multiple mechanisms encompassing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, (neuro)inflammation, and protein instability/proteotoxicity. Sensing pollutants has added a new dimension to disease progression and drug failure. Understanding the molecular pathways and potential receptor binding/signaling that underpin 'sensing' could contribute to ways to combat the detrimental effects of pollutants. We highlight key points of pollutant signaling, crosstalk with receptors acting as drug targets for chronic diseases, and discuss the potential for future therapeutics.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.