在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新颖的计算机建模和模拟技术，使用 9 例基于计算机断层扫描 (CT) 的患者特定有限元 (FE) 模型和奥格登超弹性模型，用于呼吸下肺支气管（或肿瘤）的运动跟踪。在构建患者特定的呼吸系统有限元模型时，考虑了纵隔、膈肌和胸部等可能影响呼吸过程中肺部运动的各种器官。为了描述肺实质的非线性材料行为，利用ABAQUS中的多种超弹模型对肺实质双向拉压进行了对比模拟，并采用Ogden模型作为优化模型。基于上述有限元模型和Ogden材料模型，对9例从呼气到吸气进行呼吸模拟，并跟踪肺支气管（或肿瘤）的运动。此外，还计算呼吸过程中肺容积、肺轴向平面横截面积的变化。最后，将模拟结果与 9 名受试者的吸气/呼气 CT 图像进行定量比较，以验证所提出的技术。通过模拟证实，全体受试者肺支气管分支258个标志点的位移模拟与临床数据的平均相对误差为1.10%~2.67%。另外，肺横截面积变化和上下方向体积变化的平均相对误差分别为0.20%~5.00%和1.29 ~ 9.23%。因此，认为模拟结果与临床数据吻合良好。本研究的新颖之处在于：（1）逐步提供了从人体呼吸系统的制作到支气管运动跟踪验证的框架。 (2)对肺实质非线性材料行为进行了比较模拟研究，以描述真实的肺运动。 (3)呼吸模拟中考虑了肺实质周围并限制其运动的各种器官。 (4) 将标志性位移、肺横截面积/体积变化等模拟结果与9名受试者的临床数据进行定量比较。© 2023。作者。

In this work, we proposed a novel computer modeling and simulation technique for motion tracking of lung bronchi (or tumors) under respiration using 9 cases of computed tomography (CT)-based patient-specific finite element (FE) models and Ogden's hyperelastic model. In the fabrication of patient-specific FE models for the respiratory system, various organs such as the mediastinum, diaphragm, and thorax that could affect the lung motions during breathing were considered. To describe the nonlinear material behavior of lung parenchyma, the comparative simulation for biaxial tension-compression of lung parenchyma was carried out using several hyperelastic models in ABAQUS, and then, Ogden's model was adopted as an optimal model. Based on the aforementioned FE models and Ogden's material model, the 9 cases of respiration simulation were carried out from exhalation to inhalation, and the motion of lung bronchi (or tumors) was tracked. In addition, the changes in lung volume, lung cross-sectional area on the axial plane during breathing were calculated. Finally, the simulation results were quantitatively compared to the inhalation/exhalation CT images of 9 subjects to validate the proposed technique. Through the simulation, it was confirmed that the average relative errors of simulation to clinical data regarding to the displacement of 258 landmarks in the lung bronchi branches of total subjects were 1.10%~2.67%. In addition, the average relative errors of those with respect to the lung cross-sectional area changes and the volume changes in the superior-inferior direction were 0.20%~5.00% and 1.29 ~ 9.23%, respectively. Hence, it was considered that the simulation results were coincided well with the clinical data. The novelty of the present study is as follows: (1) The framework from fabrication of the human respiratory system to validation of the bronchi motion tracking is provided step by step. (2) The comparative simulation study for nonlinear material behavior of lung parenchyma was carried out to describe the realistic lung motion. (3) Various organs surrounding the lung parenchyma and restricting its motion were considered in respiration simulation. (4) The simulation results such as landmark displacement, lung cross-sectional area/volume changes were quantitatively compared to the clinical data of 9 subjects.© 2023. The Author(s).