免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）通过增强针对癌细胞的免疫反应来治疗非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）。然而，它们不能有效对抗具有某些基因改变的癌症。 Mota 等人最近的一项研究。重点是了解为什么 ALK NSCLC 癌症具有免疫冷性，并使用基于疫苗的方法使它们更容易接受 ICI。该研究强调了免疫原性肽呈现的细胞特异性差异和肿瘤位置是免疫反应不佳的因素。基于 ALK 肽的疫苗可改善免疫反应，与 ICI 结合使用时，可显着提高 ALK NSCLC 小鼠模型的生存率。© 2023 作者。约翰·威利出版的《分子肿瘤学》

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are utilised in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by enhancing the immune response against cancer cells. However, they are not effective against cancers with certain genetic alterations. A recent study by Mota et al. focussed on understanding why ALK+ NSCLC cancers are immune cold and making them more receptive to ICIs using a vaccine-based approach. The study highlighted cell-specific differences in the presentation of immunogenic peptides and the location of tumours as factors in the poor immune response. Vaccines based on ALK peptides improved immune response, and when combined with ICIs, this led to a striking improvement in survival in a mouse model of ALK+ NSCLC.© 2023 The Authors. Molecular Oncology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies.