尽管完全切除是成釉细胞瘤的标准治疗方法，但部分复发性和/或转移性成釉细胞瘤很难通过手术治疗。在过去的十年中，在成釉细胞瘤中发现了丝裂原激活蛋白激酶途径基因的几种反复突变，并据此研究了靶向治疗的疗效。然而，大多数文献都关注 BRAF V600E 突变，这是成釉细胞瘤中最常见的致癌突变。因此，本研究旨在从更广泛的角度回顾目前关于成釉细胞瘤靶向遗传改变的知识。此外，将在肿瘤 PD-L1 表达和肿瘤免疫微环境的背景下简要讨论免疫疗法对成釉细胞瘤的治疗潜力。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

Although complete excision is the standard of care for ameloblastoma, a subset of recurrent and/or metastasizing ameloblastomas are difficult to treat surgically. Over the past decade, several recurrent mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway genes have been identified in ameloblastoma, based on which the efficacy of targeted therapy has been investigated. However, most of the literature has focused on BRAF V600E mutations, the most common oncogenic mutations in ameloblastoma. Hence, this study aims to review the current knowledge of targetable genetic alterations in ameloblastoma from a broader perspective. In addition, the therapeutic potential of immunotherapy for ameloblastoma will be briefly discussed in the context of tumoral PD-L1 expression and the tumor immune microenvironment.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.