探讨生命不同阶段体重指数（BMI）和成年期体重增加与肥胖相关乳腺癌风险生物标志物的关系，为制定乳腺癌防治政策提​​供依据。一项横断面研究是根据中国西南地区女性社区乳腺癌筛查的随访队列设计的。使用顺序抽样，从队列中招募符合条件的参与者作为研究对象。收集有关基本危险因素的信息，并测量身高、体重和血浆生物标志物水平。应用多元线性回归模型分析成年早期BMI（定义为参与者20岁时的BMI）、成年BMI（定义为入组时测量的BMI）和成年体重增加与生物标志物的关联。对数转换后将生物标志物的浓度纳入模型中。 442名参与者的平均年龄为49（45, 54）岁，成年早期和成年期的平均BMI分别为21.47（19.56, 23.11）和24.10（22.59） ，25.97）kg/m 2 ，成年期平均体重增加为6.60（2.00，11.00）kg。成年期BMI与脂联素水平呈负相关（β=-0.026，95% CI：-0.045--0.008，P=0.006），与C反应蛋白水平呈正相关（β=0.095，95% CI：0.054-0.137） ，P<0.001）和瘦素受体水平（β=0.090，95% CI：0.063-0.117，P<0.001）。未发现成年期 BMI 与抵抗素水平之间或成年期 BMI 与胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白 3 水平之间存在关联。研究发现，成年早期的 BMI 仅与胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白 3 水平呈负相关（β=-0.039，95% CI：-0.068--0.010，P=0.009）。对 20 岁后成年体重增加的进一步分析显示，成年期平均年体重增加与脂联素水平呈负相关，与其他 4 种生物标志物呈正相关。此外，与体重保持稳定的女性相比，成年期体重增加超过5.00 kg的女性脂联素水平显着降低（β=-0.185，95% CI：-0.320--0.049，P=0.008），而他们的胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3（β=0.389，95% CI：0.183-0.594，P<0.001）和瘦素受体（β=0.245，95% CI：0.048-0.442，P=0.015）水平为成年期体重增加与肥胖相关乳腺癌风险生物标志物的变化密切相关。女性在整个成年期应保持稳定的体重，体重增加最好不超过5.00公斤。版权所有©《四川大学学报（医学版）》编辑部。

To investigate the associatiojn of body mass index (BMI) at different stages of life and weight gain in adulthood with obesity-related breast cancer risk biomarkers and to provide evidence for formulating policies concerning the prevention and control of breast cancer.A cross-sectional study was designed based on the follow-up cohort of southwest China community-based breast cancer screening of women. Using sequential sampling, eligible participants were enrolled from the cohort as the subjects of the study. Information on the basic risk factors was collected and the height, weight, and plasma biomarker levels were measured. Multiple linear regression model was applied to analyze the associations of early adulthood BMI (defined as the BMI of the participant at age 20), adulthood BMI (defined as the BMI measured at the time of enrollment), and weight gain in adulthood with the biomarkers. The concentrations of the biomarkers were incorporated in the model after log transformation.The average age of the 442 participants was 49 (45, 54) years old, the average early adulthood BMI and adulthood BMI were 21.47 (19.56, 23.11) and 24.10 (22.59, 25.97) kg/m 2, respectively, and the average weight gain in adulthood was 6.60 (2.00, 11.00) kg. Adulthood BMI was negatively associated with adiponectin level ( β=-0.026, 95% CI: -0.045--0.008, P=0.006), and positively associated with C-reactive protein level ( β=0.095, 95% CI: 0.054-0.137, P<0.001) and leptin receptor level ( β=0.090, 95% CI: 0.063-0.117, P<0.001). No association was found between adulthood BMI and resistin levels or between adulthood BMI and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 levels. BMI in early adulthood was found to be negatively associated with only insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 levels ( β=-0.039, 95% CI: -0.068--0.010, P=0.009). Further analysis of adulthood weight gain after the age of 20 revealed that average annual weight gain in adulthood was negatively associated with adiponectin levels and positively associated with 4 other biomarkers. Furthermore, compared with those of women whose weight remained stable, the adiponectin level of women whose weight gain in adulthood exceeded 5.00 kg was much lower ( β=-0.185, 95% CI: -0.320--0.049, P=0.008), while their insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 ( β=0.389, 95% CI: 0.183-0.594, P<0.001) and leptin receptor ( β=0.245, 95% CI: 0.048-0.442, P=0.015) levels were higher.Weight gain in adulthood is strongly associated with the changes in obesity-related breast cancer risk biomarkers. Women should maintain a stable weight throughout adulthood and it is preferred that their weight gain should not exceed 5.00 kg.Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).