体外类器官模型通常被定义为 3D 多细胞聚集体，已被广泛用作药物筛选、疾病进展研究和精准医学的有前途的工具。结合先进的微流控技术，芯片类器官可以通过精确调节不同的参数，如流体条件和生化因子的浓度梯度等，在仿生生理微环境中灵活地复制体内器官。由于工程器官重建开启了生物医学的新范式，微纳米制造、组织构建和药品开发越来越需要创新方法。在这篇综述中，首先介绍了芯片类器官的优点和特点。随后分别展示了当前类器官培养、细胞外基质构建和设备制造技术中的挑战，以及潜在的替代方法。最后展望了芯片类器官的未来发展方向和新兴应用场景，以进一步满足临床需求。© 2023 作者。

In vitro organoid models, typically defined as 3D multicellular aggregates, have been extensively used as a promising tool in drug screening, disease progression research, and precision medicine. Combined with advanced microfluidics technique, organoid-on-a-chip can flexibly replicate in vivo organs within the biomimetic physiological microenvironment by accurately regulating different parameters, such as fluid conditions and concentration gradients of biochemical factors. Since engineered organ reconstruction has opened a new paradigm in biomedicine, innovative approaches are increasingly required in micro-nano fabrication, tissue construction, and development of pharmaceutical products. In this Perspective review, the advantages and characteristics of organoid-on-a-chip are first introduced. Challenges in current organoid culture, extracellular matrix building, and device manufacturing techniques are subsequently demonstrated, followed by potential alternative approaches, respectively. The future directions and emerging application scenarios of organoid-on-a-chip are finally prospected to further satisfy the clinical demands.© 2023 Author(s).