SET-NUP214 融合基因，也称为 TAF-1-CAN 和 SET-CAN，在急性髓系白血病 (AML) 和 T 细胞淋巴细胞白血病 (T-ALL) 中观察到。 T细胞淋巴细胞白血病中的SET-NUP214融合与化疗耐药相关，但SET-NUP214的AML患者的预后鲜有报道。在本研究中，我们回顾性分析了2017年7月至2022年11月在我中心接受同种异体干细胞移植（alloHSCT）的所有急性白血病患者，包括SET-NUP214融合的AML和T-ALL患者。在总共11例患者中， 5 名患者被诊断为 AML，6 名患者被诊断为新发 T-ALL。所有患者在 CR1 期均接受清髓治疗方案，其中 3 名 (60%) AML 患者在 alloHSCT 后复发，3 名 T-ALL (50%) 患者在 alloHSCT 后复发。只有一名 AML 患者在 alloHSCT 后复发，对随后的化疗加供体淋巴细胞输注有反应，并在最后一次随访中存活下来。所有这 11 名患者的估计 1 年总生存率和 3 年总生存率分别为 69.3% 和 38.5%。所有患者的估计 1 年无白血病生存率和 3 年无白血病生存率分别为 69.3% 和 38.5%。研究表明，携带SET-NUP214融合基因的急性白血病患者即使在alloHSCT后复发率也很高。这组患者迫切需要更多的临床试验或更大样本的研究。版权所有 © 2023 Shen、Yang、Zhang、Chen、Ma、Wei、Zhai、Pang、He、Jiang、Feng。

SET-NUP214 fusion gene, also known as TAF-1-CAN and SET-CAN, is observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). SET-NUP214 fusion in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with chemotherapy resistance, but the prognosis of patients with AML with SET-NUP214 has rarely been reported. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed all patients with acute leukemia including AML and T-ALL patients with SET-NUP214 fusion who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) in our center from July 2017 to November 2022. Of the total 11 patients, 5 patients were diagnosed with AML and 6 patients were diagnosed with T-ALL de novo. All patients received myeloablative regimens in CR1, and there were three (60%) AML patients who relapsed post-alloHSCT and three T-ALL (50%) patients who relapsed post-alloHSCT. Only one patient with AML who relapsed post-alloHSCT responded to subsequent chemotherapy plus donor lymphocyte infusion and survived the last follow-up. The estimated 1-year overall survival and 3-year overall survival for all these 11 patients were 69.3% and 38.5%, respectively. The estimated 1-year leukemia-free survival and 3-year leukemia-free survival for all patients were 69.3% and 38.5%, respectively. The research shows a high incidence of relapse for patients with acute leukemia with the SET-NUP214 fusion gene, even after alloHSCT. More clinical trials or research with larger samples are urgently needed for this group of patients.Copyright © 2023 Shen, Yang, Zhang, Chen, Ma, Wei, Zhai, Pang, He, Jiang and Feng.