鼻部和非鼻部结外自然杀伤T细胞淋巴瘤（ENKTL）的临床病理特征和预后被认为是不同的。然而，造成这些差异的根本特征尚未得到很好的阐明，尤其是在天冬酰胺酶治疗时代。 这项研究总共纳入了来自 11 个医疗中心的 1007 名新诊断的 ENKTL 患者。收集临床病理特征和生存数据。采用卡方检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验进行不同组间的比较。采用单变量和多变量Cox比例风险模型来筛选预后因素。总体而言，869名（86.3%）患者为鼻型。与鼻型 ENKTL 患者相比，非鼻型 ENKTL 患者处于更晚期，体能状态较差，骨髓受累，血清乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH) 升高，CD56 阴性状态 (p<0.05)。鼻部和非鼻部患者的 5 年总生存率 (OS) 分别为 65.6% 和 45.0%。鼻型患者的 OS 优于非鼻型患者，尤其是东部肿瘤合作组体能状态 (ECOG PS) (≥2)、晚期、KPI (HIR/HR)、IPI (HIR/HR)、PINK (HR)和高 EBV DNA 负载组。在接受基于培门冬酶/L-天冬酰胺酶方案治疗的患者中，鼻科患者的 OS 优于非鼻科患者。调整年龄、分期、ECOG PS评分、LDH、B症状和BM受累等协变量后，结果显示非鼻部位与ENKTL的不良生存相关。鼻和非鼻ENKTL患者的临床病理特征和预后不同。鼻型患者的 OS 优于非鼻型患者，尤其是在天冬酰胺酶时代。© 2023 作者。约翰·威利出版的癌症医学

The clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of nasal and nonnasal extranodal natural killer T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) are considered to be different. However, the underlying features responsible for these differences are not well clarified especially in the era of asparaginase therapy.In total, 1007 newly diagnosed ENKTL patients from 11 medical centers were included in this study. Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival data were collected. The chi-squared test and Kruskal-Wallis test were utilized for the comparison of different groups. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to screen prognostic factors.Overall, 869 (86.3%) patients were nasal forms. Compared to patients with nasal ENKTL, nonnasal patients were at more advanced stages and had poor performance status, bone marrow involvement, elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and CD56-negative status (p < 0.05). The 5-year overall survival (OS) for nasal and nonnasal patients were 65.6% and 45.0%, respectively. The OS of nasal forms patients were superior to nonnasal patients, especially in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) (≥2), advanced stage, KPI (HIR/HR), IPI (HIR/HR), PINK (HR), and high EBV DNA load groups. In patients treated with pegaspargase/L-asparaginase-based regimens, the OS of nasal patients was better than that of nonnasal patients. After adjusting the covariates of age, stage, ECOG PS score, LDH, B symptoms, and BM involvement, results showed that the nonnasal site was associated with poor survival of ENKTL.The clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of nasal and nonnasal ENKTL patients are different. Nasal forms patients had superior OS than nonnasal patients, especially in the era of asparaginase.© 2023 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.