甲状腺未分化癌（ATC）是一种罕见的甲状腺癌亚型，发病率低，但侵袭性和致死率极高。 ATC的治疗非常具有挑战性，目前首选包括手术、放疗（RT）、化疗、BRAF/MEK抑制剂（BRAFi/MEKi）和免疫治疗在内的综合个体化治疗策略。对于 IVA/IVB 期的 ATC 患者，基于手术的综合策略可能会带来生存获益。不幸的是，IVC 阶段的 ATC 患者几乎无法从当前的治疗中获益。最近，siRNA、靶向药物、细胞毒性药物、光敏剂和其他药物的纳米颗粒递送被认为是一种有前途的抗癌治疗方法。纳米颗粒药物递送系统主要用于治疗分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）。随着药物递送技术和纳米材料的快速发展，利用杂化纳米粒子作为药物载体向ATC患者递送siRNA、靶向药物、免疫药物、化疗药物和光疗药物已成为热点研究领域。本综述旨在描述纳米颗粒药物递送系统在 ATC 治疗中的最新发现，从而为进一步分析提供参考。© 2023 Wang 和Zhang。

Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) are a rare subtype of thyroid cancers with a low incidence but extremely high invasiveness and fatality. The treatment of ATCs is very challenging, and currently, a comprehensive individualized therapeutic strategy involving surgery, radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi) and immunotherapy is preferred. For ATC patients in stage IVA/IVB, a surgery-based comprehensive strategy may provide survival benefits. Unfortunately, ATC patients in IVC stage barely get benefits from the current treatment. Recently, nanoparticle delivery of siRNAs, targeted drugs, cytotoxic drugs, photosensitizers and other agents is considered as a promising anti-cancer treatment. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have been mainly explored in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). With the rapid development of drug delivery techniques and nanomaterials, using hybrid nanoparticles as the drug carrier to deliver siRNAs, targeted drugs, immune drugs, chemotherapy drugs and phototherapy drugs to ATC patients have become a hot research field. This review aims to describe latest findings of nanoparticle drug delivery systems in the treatment of ATCs, thus providing references for the further analyses.© 2023 Wang and Zhang.