癌症被认为是死亡的主要原因。癌症死亡率的上升以及现有化疗药物的副作用、疗效差和成本高等现有局限性增加了对更有效和替代癌症治疗的需求。这篇综述简要概述了生物鸡蛋白 A (BCA) 及其对各种癌症的潜力，并详细介绍了抗癌机制。根据我们的审查，包括计算机模拟、体外、临床前和临床试验在内的许多研究已经测试来评估 BCA 的功效。该化合物可有效对抗 15 种癌症，包括乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、胶质母细胞瘤、肝癌、肺癌、黑色素瘤、口腔癌、骨肉瘤、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、咽癌、前列腺癌和脐静脉癌。该化合物的一般抗癌活性是通过多种分子过程介导的，包括细胞凋亡、细胞增殖、转移和血管生成、信号传导、酶途径和其他机制的调节。针对治疗和致癌蛋白以及不同的途径，构成了抗癌作用的分子机制。许多信号网络及其组件，例如 EFGR、PI3K/Akt/mTOR、MAPK、MMP-2、MMP-9、PARP、Caspase-3/8/9、Bax、Bcl2、PDL-1、NF-κB、TNF -α、IL-6、JAK、STAT3、VEGFR、VEGF、c-MY、细胞周期蛋白 B1、D1、E1 和 CDK、Snail 和 E-钙粘蛋白可在癌细胞中受 BCA 调节。 BCA 的这种抗癌特性可能是其正确的结构化学的结果。使用基于 BCA 的疗法作为纳米载体来递送化疗药物有可能非常有效。这种天然化合物与其他天然化合物和标准药物（包括索拉非尼、5-氟尿嘧啶、替莫唑胺、阿霉素、芹菜素和染料木黄酮）具有协同作用。此外，正确使用这种化合物可以通过多种机制逆转多药耐药性。 BCA具有更好的药物相似性和药代动力学特性，并且对人体无毒（眼、肝、肾、皮肤、心脏）。由于 BCA 具有广泛的抗癌机制、协同效应和良好的药代动力学特性，在标准药物上市之前，BCA 可以用作补充食品。© 2023 John Wiley

Cancer is considered a leading cause of mortality. This rising cancer death rate and several existing limitations like side effects, poor efficacies, and high cost of the present chemotherapeutic agents have increased the demand for more potent and alternative cancer treatments. This review elucidated a brief overview of Biochanin A (BCA) and its potentiality on various cancers with details of anticancer mechanism. According to our review, a number of studies including in silico, in vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical trials have tested to evaluate the efficacy of BCA. This compound is effective against 15 types of cancer, including breast, cervical, colorectal, gastric, glioblastoma, liver, lung, melanoma, oral, osteosarcoma, ovarian, pancreatic, pharynx, prostate, and umbilical vein cancer. The general anticancer activities of this compound are mediated via several molecular processes, including regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis, signaling, enzymatic pathways, and other mechanisms. Targeting both therapeutic and oncogenic proteins, as well as different pathways, makes up the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer action. Many signaling networks and their components, such as EFGR, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, MMP-2, MMP-9, PARP, Caspase-3/8/9, Bax, Bcl2, PDL-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, JAK, STAT3, VEGFR, VEGF, c-MY, Cyclin B1, D1, E1 and CDKs, Snail, and E-cadherin proteins, can be regulated in cancer cells by BCA. Such kind of anticancer properties of BCA could be a result of its correct structural chemistry. The use of BCA-based therapies as nano-carriers for the delivery of chemotherapeutic medicines has the potential to be very effective. This natural compound synergises with other natural compounds and standard drugs, including sorafenib, 5-fluorouracil, temozolomide, doxorubicin, apigenin, and genistein. Moreover, proper use of this compound can reverse multidrug resistance through numerous mechanisms. BCA has better drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties and is nontoxic (eye, liver, kidney, skin, cardio) in human bodies. As having a wide range of cancer-fighting mechanisms, synergistic effects, and good pharmacokinetic properties, BCA can be used as a supplementary food until standard drugs are available at pharma markets.© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.