β-淀粉样蛋白肽和 tau 蛋白的聚集失调在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中发挥着关键作用，并被认为是这种破坏性疾病的主要病理特征。从生理上来说，这两种蛋白质是在正常人体内产生和表达的。然而，在病理条件下，异常表达、翻译后修饰、构象变化和截短会使这些蛋白质容易聚集，引发特定的疾病相关级联反应。最近的研究表明，β-淀粉样蛋白和 tau 蛋白的异常行为与各种神经系统疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症）以及视网膜神经退行性疾病（如青光眼和年龄相关性黄斑变性）之间存在关联。此外，这些蛋白质与心血管疾病、癌症、脑外伤和糖尿病有关，这些都是发病和死亡的主要原因。在这篇综合综述中，我们概述了 β 淀粉样蛋白和 tau 蛋白与一系列疾病之间的联系。版权所有 © 2024 版权所有：© 2024 神经再生研究。

The aggregation of amyloid-beta peptide and tau protein dysregulation are implicated to play key roles in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and are considered the main pathological hallmarks of this devastating disease. Physiologically, these two proteins are produced and expressed within the normal human body. However, under pathological conditions, abnormal expression, post-translational modifications, conformational changes, and truncation can make these proteins prone to aggregation, triggering specific disease-related cascades. Recent studies have indicated associations between aberrant behavior of amyloid-beta and tau proteins and various neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as retinal neurodegenerative diseases like Glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Additionally, these proteins have been linked to cardiovascular disease, cancer, traumatic brain injury, and diabetes, which are all leading causes of morbidity and mortality. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the connections between amyloid-beta and tau proteins and a spectrum of disorders.Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Neural Regeneration Research.