Ras 同源基因家族成员 A (RhoA) 属于 Rho GTPase 超家族，首次在癌症中作为控制细胞功能的重要调节因子之一进行研究。 RhoA 长期以来作为参与细胞信号传导和基因转录的关键分子而引起人们的关注，并通过其影响细胞过程。一系列研究表明RhoA在生理状态和病理状态下在心血管疾病中发挥着至关重要的作用。 RhoA 通过调节肌动蛋白应力纤维动力学和细胞骨架形成，已被确定为心脏重塑的重要调节因子。然而，其潜在机制仍知之甚少，无法就其对心血管系统的保护作用得出明确的结论。在这篇综述中，我们概述了RhoA及其相关信号分子的特征，并概述了RhoA的经典功能以及RhoA在生理和病理条件下相应的细胞反应。总体而言，我们提供了有关心血管系统中 RhoA 的新型信号传导及其在心血管医学中的潜在临床和治疗靶点的最新信息。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。

Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) belongs to the Rho GTPase superfamily, which was first studied in cancers as one of the essential regulators controlling cellular function. RhoA has long attracted attention as a key molecule involved in cell signaling and gene transcription, through which it affects cellular processes. A series of studies have demonstrated that RhoA plays crucial roles under both physiological states and pathological conditions in cardiovascular diseases. RhoA has been identified as an important regulator in cardiac remodeling by regulating actin stress fiber dynamics and cytoskeleton formation. However, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, preventing definitive conclusions being drawn about its protective role in the cardiovascular system. In this review, we outline the characteristics of RhoA and its related signaling molecules, and present an overview of RhoA classical function and the corresponding cellular responses of RhoA under physiological and pathological conditions. Overall, we provide an update on the novel signaling under RhoA in the cardiovascular system and its potential clinical and therapeutic targets in cardiovascular medicine.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.