癌症免疫疗法旨在释放免疫系统对抗肿瘤的力量，且没有传统化疗的副作用。免疫治疗方法差异很大，但都遵循相同的基本原则：克服癌症利用的屏障，以避免免疫破坏。这些方法通常围绕经典 T 细胞，例如 CAR T 细胞和新抗原疫苗；然而，先天性 iNKT 细胞在癌症免疫治疗中的效用已获得显着认可。 iNKT 细胞通过识别 MHC I 样分子 CD1d 上呈递的脂质抗原，与经典 T 细胞对 MHC 上呈递的肽抗原的识别相似。代谢改变和脂肪生成表型是肿瘤细胞的基本特性，代表了 iNKT 细胞可以利用的独特特征。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍 iNKT 细胞、CD1d 和脂质抗原呈递的特性。接下来，我们将讨论癌症脂质组以及 iNKT 细胞如何通过机会之窗利用它。最后，我们将详细回顾癌症中 iNKT 细胞的新型脂质抗原。版权所有 © 2023 Lee 和 Webb。

Cancer immunotherapy aims to unleash the power of the immune system against tumors without the side effects of traditional chemotherapy. Immunotherapeutic methods vary widely, but all follow the same basic principle: overcome the barriers utilized by cancers to avoid immune destruction. These approaches often revolve around classical T cells, such as with CAR T cells and neoantigen vaccines; however, the utility of the innate-like iNKT cell in cancer immunotherapy has gained significant recognition. iNKT cells parallel classic T cell recognition of peptide antigens presented on MHC through their recognition of lipid antigens presented on the MHC I-like molecule CD1d. Altered metabolism and a lipogenic phenotype are essential properties of tumor cells, representing a unique feature that may be exploited by iNKT cells. In this review, we will cover properties of iNKT cells, CD1d, and lipid antigen presentation. Next, we will discuss the cancer lipidome and how it may be exploited by iNKT cells through a window of opportunity. Finally, we will review, in detail, novel lipid antigens for iNKT cells in cancer.Copyright © 2023 Lee and Webb.