静电纺丝是一种用于制造直径从微米级到纳米级、具有多种形态和排列的聚合物纤维的通用技术。通过将丝素蛋白（SF）与合成和/或天然聚合物相结合，可以获得具有出色的生物、化学、电学、物理、机械和光学性能的电纺材料，满足不断发展的生物医学需求。本综述强调了 SF 衍生的电纺材料的卓越多功能性，特别关注其在组织再生（包括软骨、角膜、神经、血管、骨骼和皮肤）、疾病治疗（如癌症和糖尿病）以及受控药物输送系统的开发。此外，我们还探讨了利用这些纳米纤维材料创建智能生物材料、结合生物传感器和可穿戴传感器来监测人类健康的潜在未来趋势，并讨论了其广泛使用的瓶颈。这一全面的概述阐明了 SF 衍生的电纺材料在推进生物医学研究和应用方面的重大影响和令人兴奋的前景。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

Electrospinning is a versatile technique for fabricating polymeric fibers with diameters ranging from micro- to nanoscale, exhibiting multiple morphologies and arrangements. By combining silk fibroin (SF) with synthetic and/or natural polymers, electrospun materials with outstanding biological, chemical, electrical, physical, mechanical, and optical properties can be achieved, fulfilling the evolving biomedical demands. This review highlights the remarkable versatility of SF-derived electrospun materials, specifically focusing on their application in tissue regeneration (including cartilage, cornea, nerves, blood vessels, bones, and skin), disease treatment (such as cancer and diabetes), and the development of controlled drug delivery systems. Additionally, we explore the potential future trends in utilizing these nanofibrous materials for creating intelligent biomaterials, incorporating biosensors and wearable sensors for monitoring human health, and also discuss the bottlenecks for its widespread use. This comprehensive overview illuminates the significant impact and exciting prospects of SF-derived electrospun materials in advancing biomedical research and applications.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.