前列腺穿刺活检（PNBx）对于前列腺癌的诊断至关重要，但它并非没有风险。我们试图使用基于索赔的虚弱指数 (CFI) 来评估接受 PNBx 的患者，以研究基于大量人群的虚弱与活检后并发症之间的关联。我们假设虚弱程度的增加与不良后果相关。通过市场扫描，我们确定了 2010 年至 2015 年接受 PNBx 的所有男性。CFI 将个人分为 2 个预先指定的类别：不虚弱、虚弱。前列腺活检后 30 天内发生的需要急诊科 (ED)、诊所或医院评估的并发症构成了主要结果。未经调整和调整的分析确定了与并发症相关的患者协变量。我们确定了 193,490 名接受 PNBx 的患者。平均年龄为 57.6 岁（SD：5.0）。总共有 5% 的人处于虚弱前期、轻度虚弱或中度至重度虚弱状态。总体并发症发生率从不虚弱的 11.1% 上升到虚弱男性的 15.5%。调整协变量后，具有任何程度虚弱的个体出现总体并发症（OR：1.29；P < .001）、门诊（OR：1.26；P < .001）和急诊就诊（OR：1.32；P = .02）和再入院（OR：1.41；P < .001）。接受 PNBx 的患者虚弱与较高的并发症风险相关。虚弱评估应纳入共同决策，以限制提供与前列腺癌筛查相关的潜在有害护理。

Prostate needle biopsy (PNBx) is essential for prostate cancer diagnosis, yet it is not without risks. We sought to assess patients who underwent PNBx using a claims-based frailty index (CFI) to study the association between frailty and post-biopsy complications from a large population-based cohort. We hypothesized that increased frailty would be associated with adverse outcomes.Using Market Scan, we identified all men who underwent PNBx from 2010 to 2015. Individuals were stratified by CFI into 2 pre-specified categories: not frail, frail. Complications occurring within 30 days from prostate biopsy requiring emergency department (ED), clinic, or hospital evaluations constituted the primary outcome. Unadjusted and adjusted analyses identified patient covariates associated with complications.We identified 193,490 patients who underwent PNBx. The mean age was 57.6 years (SD: 5.0). In all, 5% were pre-frail, mildly frail, or moderately to severely frail. The rate of overall complications increased from 11.1% for not frail to 15.5% for frail men. After adjusting for covariates, individuals with any degree of frailty experienced a higher risk of overall complication (OR: 1.29; P < .001), clinic (OR: 1.26; P < .001) and ED visits (OR: 1.32; P = .02), and hospital readmissions (OR: 1.41; P < .001).Frailty was associated with a higher risk of complications for patients undergoing PNBx. Frailty assessment should be integrated into shared decision-making to limit the provision of potentially harmful care associated with prostate cancer screening.