烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶 (NAMPT) 通过促进烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸生物合成，在哺乳动物细胞代谢中发挥核心作用。然而，NAMPT 活性并不限于细胞内区室，因为一旦分泌，该蛋白质就会在细胞外空间中完成多种功能。细胞外 NAMPT（eNAMPT，也称为内脂素或前 B 细胞集落增强因子）已被证明具有脂肪细胞因子、促炎和促血管生成活性。许多研究报告了循环 eNAMPT 水平升高与各种炎症和代谢性疾病（如肥胖、糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化、关节炎、炎症性肠病、肺损伤和癌症）之间的关联。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 eNAMPT 生物学知识的现状、在疾病发病机制中的作用及其作为疾病生物标志物的潜力。我们还简要讨论了 eNAMPT 抑制的新兴治疗方法。版权所有 © 2023 Semerena、Nencioni 和 Masternak。

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) plays a central role in mammalian cell metabolism by contributing to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis. However, NAMPT activity is not limited to the intracellular compartment, as once secreted, the protein accomplishes diverse functions in the extracellular space. Extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT, also called visfatin or pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor) has been shown to possess adipocytokine, pro-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic activities. Numerous studies have reported the association between elevated levels of circulating eNAMPT and various inflammatory and metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, lung injury and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on eNAMPT biology, proposed roles in disease pathogenesis, and its potential as a disease biomarker. We also briefly discuss the emerging therapeutic approaches for eNAMPT inhibition.Copyright © 2023 Semerena, Nencioni and Masternak.