随着中医药的国际化，党参（CR）的药用和食用需求增加，其药用资源备受关注。 CR是著名中药，具有悠久的药用和食用历史。我国贵州省拥有丰富的CR资源，但由于缺乏对物种鉴定和化学成分的系统研究，该省的CR资源容量尚未得到充分利用。我们利用植物形态学和DNA条形码技术对识别洛当（LD）和围当（WD）物种。为了研究 LD 和 WD 以及三个中国药典 CR 之间代谢物的差异，并预测主要差异代谢物的药理学作用机制，我们利用了广泛有针对性的代谢组学和网络药理学。研究结果也揭示了LD和WD优良食用特性的物质基础。植物性状和DNA条形码分子鉴定结果表明，贵州产的罗当和味当分别为党参和党参。广泛针对性的代谢组学分析显示，5个CR中共发现了14类1,116种代谢物，包括酚酸、脂质、黄酮类化合物，共有1,054种（94.4%）代谢物。 LD和WD分别含有3种和10种主要差异代谢物，主要是类黄酮和氨基酸。氨基酸、酚酸和有机酸在其优异的食品属性中发挥着重要作用。在CR中，首次发现了8种主要差异代谢物，包括异荠草素-7-O-(6″-阿魏酰基)葡萄糖苷、N-甲酰基-L-蛋氨酸和环(Phe-Glu)等。网络药理学分析表明，在LD中，优势差异代谢物与抗肿瘤、心血管疾病改善、神经系统保护和代谢性疾病治疗密切相关，而在WD中，它们与神经系统保护和心血管疾病改善密切相关。 LD和WD均为中国药典收载品种，其代谢特征与传统产地CR极为相似。因此，LD和WD可以像CR一样在医学上使用和推广，具有潜在的新药开发价值。该研究丰富了CR化合物数据库，为CR化合物的质量控制、资源开发和新药开发提供了参考。版权所有©2023张，张，杨，龙，谢，王，姚，吴和刘。

With the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine, the demand for medicinal and edible Codonopsis Radix (CR) has increased, and its medicinal resources have attracted attention. CR is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with a long pharmaceutical and edible history. The Guizhou province in China has abundant CR resources, but in the absence of systematic studies on species identification and chemical compositions, the capacity of the capacity of the province to CR resource has not been fully utilized.We used plant morphology and DNA barcoding techniques to identify Luodang (LD) and Weidang (WD) species. To investigate the differences in metabolites between LD and WD, as well as three Chinese Pharmacopeia CRs, and to predict pharmacological mechanisms of action for the dominant differential metabolites, we utilized widely targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology. The results also revealed the material basis for the excellent food properties of both LD and WD.The plant traits and DNA barcoding molecular identification results indicated that Luodang and Weidang from Guizhou were Codonopsis tangshen and Codonopsis pilosula, respectively. Widely targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that a total of 1,116 metabolites from 14 categories, including phenolic acids, lipids, flavonoids, were found in five CRs and shared 1,054 (94.4%) metabolites. LD and WD each contained 3 and 10 dominant differential metabolites, respectively, which were primarily flavonoids and amino acids. Amino acids, phenolic acids, and organic acids play important roles in their excellent food attributes. In CR, eight dominant differential metabolites were discovered for the first time, including isoorientin-7-O-(6″-feruloyl) glucoside, N-formyl-L-methionine, and cyclo (Phe-Glu), among others. Network pharmacology analyses showed that, in LD, dominant differential metabolites were closely related to anti-tumor, cardiovascular disease improvement, nervous system protection, and metabolic disease treatment, whereas in WD, they were closely related to nervous system protection and cardiovascular disease improvement.The species of LD and WD were included in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, and their metabolite profiles were remarkably similar to CR from traditional producing areas. Therefore, LD and WD can be used and promoted medicinally as CR, and they have potential value for new drug development. This study enriched the database of CR compounds and provided a reference for quality control, resource development, and new drug development of CR.Copyright © 2023 Zhang, Zhang, Yang, Long, Xie, Wang, Yao, Wu and Liu.