番茄红素是一种重要的具有烯烃骨架的色素，来源于番茄，也可从一些红色水果和蔬菜中获得。番茄红素应用于食品领域，功能丰富；应用于医药领域，具有多种临床价值，具有医药和食品的双重功能。研究发现，番茄红素的分离主要采用溶剂提取、超声波辅助提取、超临界流体提取、高强度脉冲电场辅助提取、酶辅助提取和微波辅助提取等方法。同时，它还通过2种合成途径获得：化学合成和生物合成。药理研究表明，番茄红素具有抗氧化、降血脂、抗癌、增强免疫力、保肝、降血糖、保护心血管、抗炎、神经保护、抑制骨质疏松等作用。番茄红素的应用主要包括食品加工、动物养殖、医疗美容领域。希望本文的综述能够为番茄红素的未来研究和开发利用提供一些有用的信息和指导。

Lycopene is an important pigment with an alkene skeleton from Lycopersicon esculentum, which is also obtained from some red fruits and vegetables. Lycopene is used in the food field with rich functions and serves in the medical field with multiple clinical values because it has dual functions of both medicine and food. It was found that lycopene was mainly isolated by solvent extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, high-intensity pulsed electric field-assisted extraction, enzymatic-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction. Meanwhile, it was also obtained via 2 synthetic pathways: chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. Pharmacological studies revealed that lycopene has anti-oxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-cancer, immunity-enhancing, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, cardiovascular-protective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and osteoporosis-inhibiting effects. The application of lycopene mainly includes food processing, animal breeding, and medical cosmetology fields. It is hoped that this review will provide some useful information and guidance for future study and exploitation of lycopene.