一类被称为活性氧 (ROS) 的特殊生物活性分子已在癌症领域得到了广泛研究。它们在癌症的发病机制中发挥着重要作用。考虑到最新进展，ROS 在癌症生物学中的影响是一个不断发展的领域；深入了解它们的产生、基因组和表观遗传调节剂对 ROS 的作用，早期被认为是一个化学过程，与细胞死亡途径的相互关系 - 细胞凋亡、铁死亡、坏死性凋亡和自噬已被探索用于将 ROS 平衡转向癌症的新靶点细胞死亡。 ROS 是信号转导器，可在低至中等浓度下诱导血管生成、侵袭、细胞迁移和增殖，被认为是一系列生物活性的正常副产品。尽管ROS自古以来就存在于肿瘤学领域，但其过量会损害细胞器、细胞膜、脂质、蛋白质和核酸，导致细胞死亡。在过去的二十年中，大量研究证明调节 ROS 水平的免疫疗法和其他抗癌疗法具有良好的体外和体内效果。这篇综述还探讨了癌症治疗干预的最新目标，这些干预措施基于 ROS 的产生或抑制，以破坏细胞氧化应激平衡。例子包括代谢目标、生物标志物的靶向治疗、天然提取物和营养保健品以及纳米医学领域开发的目标。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了可用于通过调节 ROS 水平来制定针对癌症的治疗计划的分子途径，特别是在临床环境中有效实施 ROS 介导的疗法的当前进展和潜在前景。正如本综述所强调的，与细胞凋亡（尤其是铁死亡）的复杂相互作用及其在表观基因组学和修饰中的作用的最新进展是 ROS 机械作用的新范例。营养保健品和天然提取物对它们的抑制一直是一个正在探索的科学挑战性途径。此外，本综述还探讨了抑制剂、免疫调节剂以及细胞凋亡和铁死亡抑制剂对 ROS 生成的抑制作用。版权所有 © 2023 Verma, Rishi, George, Kushwaha, Dhandha, Kaur, Jain, Jain, Chaudhry, Singh, Siraj and米斯拉。

A class of exceptionally bioactive molecules known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been widely studied in the context of cancer. They play a significant role in the etiopathogenesis for cancer. Implication of ROS in cancer biology is an evolving area, considering the recent advances; insights into their generation, role of genomic and epigenetic regulators for ROS, earlier thought to be a chemical process, with interrelations with cell death pathways- Apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis and autophagy has been explored for newer targets that shift the balance of ROS towards cancer cell death. ROS are signal transducers that induce angiogenesis, invasion, cell migration, and proliferation at low to moderate concentrations and are considered normal by-products of a range of biological activities. Although ROS is known to exist in the oncology domain since time immemorial, its excessive quantities are known to damage organelles, membranes, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, resulting in cell death. In the last two decades, numerous studies have demonstrated immunotherapies and other anticancer treatments that modulate ROS levels have promising in vitro and in vivo effects. This review also explores recent targets for therapeutic interventions in cancer that are based on ROS generation or inhibition to disrupt the cell oxidative stress balance. Examples include-metabolic targets, targeted therapy with biomarkers, natural extracts and nutraceuticals and targets developed in the area of nano medicine. In this review, we present the molecular pathways which can be used to create therapy plans that target cancer by regulating ROS levels, particularly current developments and potential prospects for the effective implementation of ROS-mediated therapies in clinical settings. The recent advances in complex interaction with apoptosis especially ferroptosis and its role in epigenomics and modifications are a new paradigm, to just mechanical action of ROS, as highlighted in this review. Their inhibition by nutraceuticals and natural extracts has been a scientific challenging avenue that is explored. Also, the inhibition of generation of ROS by inhibitors, immune modulators and inhibitors of apoptosis and ferroptosis is explored in this review.Copyright © 2023 Verma, Rishi, George, Kushwaha, Dhandha, Kaur, Jain, Jain, Chaudhry, Singh, Siraj and Misra.