虽然初次诊断患有局限性滑膜肉瘤的儿童、青少年和年轻人的总体预后通常相当令人满意，但复发后患者的预后仍然较差。与一线标准化治疗方案相反，复发患者通常采用个体化治疗方案，迄今为止，标准治疗方案仍缺乏共识。对复发滑膜肉瘤的研究能够确定一些影响复发后生存的预后变量，以便规划适合风险的挽救方案。治疗建议必须考虑以前的一线治疗、潜在的毒性以及通过新手术和/或重新照射实现充分局部治疗的可能性。迫切需要有效的二线药物治疗。值得注意的是，过继工程 TCR-T 细胞免疫疗法等实验性治疗似乎在成人中很有前景，目前也在儿科患者中进行验证。© 2023 Ferrari 等人。

While the overall prognosis is generally quite satisfactory in children, adolescents and young adults with localised synovial sarcoma at first diagnosis, the outcome remains poor for patients after relapse. Conversely to the front-line standardised treatment options, patients with relapse generally have an individualised approach and to date, there is still a lack of consensus regarding standard treatment approaches. Studies on relapsed synovial sarcoma were able to identify some prognostic variables that influence post-relapse survival, in order to plan risk-adapted salvage protocols. Treatment proposals must consider previous first-line treatments, potential toxicities, and the possibility of achieving an adequate local treatment by new surgery and/or re-irradiation. Effective second-line drug therapies are urgently needed. Notably, experimental treatments such as adoptive engineered TCR-T cell immunotherapy seem promising in adults and are currently under validation also in paediatric patients.© 2023 Ferrari et al.