纳米比亚乳腺癌之旅分析。
Analysis of the Breast Cancer Journey in Namibia.
发表日期:2023 Nov 01
作者:
Pauline Boucheron, Annelle Zietsman, Johanna Pontac, Rolf Hansen, Benjamin O Anderson, Kayo Togawa, Peter M Macharia, Milena Foerster, Joachim Schüz, Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva, Valerie McCormack
来源:
Disease Models & Mechanisms
摘要:
乳腺癌(BC)是纳米比亚女性的主要癌症。需要检查这个不平等仍然严重的多种族国家的 BC 历程,以便为降低 BC 死亡率的有效干预措施提供信息。利用世界卫生组织全球乳腺癌倡议 (GBCI) 框架,按种族描述纳米比亚妇女的整个 BC 历程。这队列研究使用非洲乳腺癌结果差异前瞻性队列的纳米比亚子集。参与者都是在温得和克中央医院(WCH)国家主要公共肿瘤中心就诊的BC省确诊病例的纳米比亚居民。随访从招募开始(2014年9月8日至2016年10月5日),直至诊断后3年(2014年12月13日至2019年9月27日)。数据分析于2022年6月至2023年8月进行。参与者自我报告的种族被汇总为3个人群:黑人、混血和白人。使用Cox模型检查三年总生存率(OS),并汇总统计用于描述女性 BC 旅程,包括 GBCI 支柱关键绩效指标:(1) 早期(TNM I 或 II)诊断(人群基准≥60%),(2) 及时诊断,即 60 天或更短时间进行首次医疗保健医生就诊(人群基准 100%),以及(3)完成推荐的多模式治疗(MT,即手术加化疗)(人群基准≥80%)。在 405 名女性中,有 300 名(74%)黑人(平均 [ SD] 年龄,53 [15] 岁)、49 名 (12%) 混血儿(平均 [SD] 年龄,53 [7] 岁)和 56 名 (14%) 白人(平均 [SD] 年龄,59 [12] 岁)年)患者。黑人女性的三年 OS 最低(60% [95% CI, 54%-66%];混血:80% [95% CI, 65%-89%];白人:89% [95% CI, 77%-95%]),早期诊断患病率较低(黑人:37% [95% CI, 31%-42%];混血和白人:75% [95% CI, 66%-83%] ])和及时诊断(黑人:60% [95% CI,54%-66%];混血和白人:77% [95% CI,69%-85%]),同时 MT 完成(黑人:53%) [95% CI, 46%-59%];混血和白人:63% [95% CI, 50%-73%])在所有女性中均较低。在这项对 405 名患有 BC 的纳米比亚居民进行的队列研究中,明显种族生存方面的差异与不列颠哥伦比亚省整个旅程中的不平等现象并存。为了提高 BC 生存率,需要采取干预措施促进纳米比亚黑人女性的早期诊断,并提高所有女性 MT 的启动和完成率。
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cancer among women in Namibia. Examining the BC journey in this multiracial country where inequalities remain large is needed to inform effective interventions to reduce BC mortality.To describe the entire BC journey of Namibian women by race, utilizing the World Health Organization Global Breast Cancer Initiative (GBCI) framework.This cohort study used the Namibian subset of the African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes prospective cohort. Participants were all Namibian residents with confirmed incident BC who presented at the main national public oncology center of the Windhoek Central Hospital (WCH). Follow-up started from recruitment (September 8, 2014, to October 5, 2016) and ended up to 3 years after diagnosis (December 13, 2014, to September 27, 2019). Data analysis was conducted from June 2022 to August 2023.Participants' self-reported ethnicities were aggregated into 3 population groups: Black, mixed ancestry, and White.Three-year overall survival (OS) was examined using Cox models, and summary statistics were used to describe women's BC journey, including GBCI pillar key performance indicators: (1) early stage (TNM I or II) diagnosis (population benchmark ≥60%), (2) prompt diagnosis, ie, 60 days or less to first health care practitioner visit (population benchmark 100%), and (3) completion of recommended multimodal treatment (MT, ie, surgery plus chemotherapy) (population benchmark ≥80%).Of 405 women, there were 300 (74%) Black (mean [SD] age, 53 [15] years), 49 (12%) mixed ancestry (mean [SD] age, 53 [7] years), and 56 (14%) White (mean [SD] age, 59 [12] years) patients. Three-year OS was lowest in Black women (60% [95% CI, 54%-66%]; mixed ancestry: 80% [95% CI, 65%-89%]; White: 89% [95% CI, 77%-95%]), who had lower prevalence of early stage diagnosis (Black: 37% [95% CI, 31%-42%]; mixed ancestry and White: 75% [95% CI, 66%-83%]) and timely diagnosis (Black: 60% [95% CI, 54%-66%]; mixed ancestry and White: 77% [95% CI, 69%-85%]), while MT completion (Black: 53% [95% CI, 46%-59%]; mixed ancestry and White: 63% [95% CI, 50%-73%]) was low in all women.In this cohort study of 405 Namibian residents with BC, marked racial disparities in survival were paralleled by inequities all along the BC journey. To improve BC survival, interventions are needed to promote earlier diagnosis in Black Namibian women and to increase MT initiation and completion in all women.